Plasticity and behavioral change under the prolonged unusual gravity environment

地球生物的生物机制一直受到重力效应的影响，通常在正常情况下适应1-G环境。包括人类在内的所有生物似乎都具有中央-外围适应编程机制。当其中一个物种进入不同的重力条件时，比如在一个空间中，重力给了它们很多载荷来适应另一个重力条件。这需要时间。如果他们想在这种情况下活得更长，他们必须改变他们的行为和神经生理机制和功能。如果它们达到了某种适应水平，那么问题就来了，它们是如何获得原生功能的可塑性的，或者它们是如何适应基因历史之外的个体功能的。这些问题导致了基础研究项目需要研究人类如何从个体和基因上获得重力信息。本文的研究内容主要包括：1)长时间的异常重力条件下人类的先天行为如何发生变化；2)视觉转换条件下的可塑性如何在实验条件下变得明显；3)短期微重力条件下人类如何适应；4)长时间棱镜条件下人类视觉适应的行为数据进行了细致的分析。项目中所做的实验简单地分为两种情况，一种是长期的地面实验，另一种是短期的零重力实验。地面实验结果表明，对新的完全适应行为的可塑性需要较长的时间，但部分行为变化的出现非常迅速。短期空间实验表明，反重力肌肉和非反重力肌肉之间的合作并不完全支持对零重力的完全适应行为。结果表明，需要对不同重力条件下的运动-运动协调进行更广泛的研究。少

Biological mechanisms of the livings on the earth always suffered the grvity effect and usually adapted to the 1-G environments in a normal condition. Including human beings, all of the living spieces seems to have the central-peripheral adaptation programming mechanisms individually and genetically. When one of the spieces go to the different G condition, such as in a space, O gravity gives them a lot of loards to be accustummed to the another gravity conditions. It takes a time. If they wants to live longer in that condition they have to change their behavioral and neurophysiological mechanisms and function. If they reache to some adaptation level, the question comes how do they get the plasticity for their native function, or how do they adapated their individual functions apart from genetic history. These question leads the fundamental research aitems to be studied how the human beings get gravity infomation individally and genetically. The research done here was categorized into f … More our reseach items, such as 1) how changeable the innate behavior of the human beings after rather longer abnormal gravity condition, 2) how the plasticity become overt under the visual transformed condition experimentally, 3) how the short term micro-gravity gives the adaptation to the human beings, and 4) analyze the behavioral data under the prolonged prism adaptation for the human vision is carefully done. The experiments done in the project were simply categorized into two conditions, one is long term ground base experiment and the other one is short term O-gravity experimental condition. The rusults from the ground base experiments showed us that the plasticity to the new full adaptation behavior needs rather longer term, however a part of behavioral change emerged very quickly. Short term space experiment showed that the rather fully adapted behavior to the O-gravity is not fully supported between the cooperation of the anti-gravity muscle and non-anti-gravity muscle. The results leads us that more extensive research for the motor-motorcoordination under the various gravity condition will be needed. Less