Breeding of nitrogen-fixation becteria in Southeast Asia

由于生物固氮在贫瘠土壤中非常有用，因此对固氮细菌的合作研究提出了许多要求，同时也存在东亚国家固氮细菌研究的共性问题。为此，我们共同设立了热带固氮细菌的分离、鉴定、育种和应用研究项目。我们特别关注了从泰国、印度尼西亚和菲律宾的酸性土壤中分离出耐酸根瘤菌菌株。这些新分离的根瘤菌菌株通过化学分类和遗传学方法进行了鉴定。接下来，我们选择了耐酸和固氮活性高的有用菌株。这些菌株被试图进一步培育成更强大的菌株。这些分离和繁殖菌株在泰国、印度尼西亚和菲律宾已被评价为有效。伴随着这个项目，1994财政年度，3名日本研究人员访问了泰国、印度尼西亚和菲律宾，进行了7 - 14天的合作工作。1994年，来自泰国、印度尼西亚和菲律宾的7名研究人员被邀请到日本研究小组进行10至60天的合作工作。该项目的国际研讨会于1994年10月13日至15日在泰国Kohn Kaen举行，14名合作研究人员作了演讲，约有50人参加。1995财政年度，来自印度尼西亚的一名高级研究员（10天）和来自印度尼西亚、泰国和菲律宾的三名初级研究员（50天）应邀到日本大学进行固氮细菌的研究。该项目的国际研讨会在印度尼西亚日雅加达和登巴萨举行，17名合作研究人员报告了该项目的成果，共约60人参加了研讨会并讨论了问题。

It has been many demands of collaborated works for nitrogenfixing bacteria from Asian researchers, since the bilogical nitrogen fixation is quite useful in poor soil, and there are common problems of this research in East Asian countries. Thus, we set up the joint research project that isolation, identification, breeding, and application of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in tropical area.In particular, we focused on the isolation of acid tolerant Rhizobium strains from acidic soil in Thailand, Indonesia and Philippines. These newly isolated Rhizobia strains are identified by chemotaxonomical and genetical methods. Next, we selected useful strains which are acid tolerant and have high activity of nitrogen fixation. These strains are tried to further breedc to more powerful strain. These isolated and breed strains have been evaluated to be effective in the field of Thailand, Indonesia and Philippines.Along with this project, in 1994 fiscal year, 3 Japanese researcheres visited Thailand, Indonesia and Philippines to do collaborated works for 7 to 14 days. Seven researchers from Thailand, Indonesia and Philippines were invited to Japanese research groups as collaborated works for 10 to 60 days in 1994. International Seminars of this poroject was held in Kohn Kaen, Thailand, October 13 to 15, 1994, and 14 collaborated researchers gave lectures and about 50 persons were attended.In 1995 fiscal year, one senior researcher from Indonesia (10 days) and 3 junior researchers from Indonesia, Thailand and Philippines (50 days) were invited to Japanese University and worked with nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated in their countries. International Seminar of this project was held in Yogjakarta and Denpasar, Indonesia and 17 collaborated researchers reported their results under this project and totally about 60 persons were attended the seminar and discussed the problems.