A STUDY OF ROLES,DESIRABLE USE AND MANAGEMENT OF BIO-RESOURCES

(1)在经济高速增长期之前，生物资源（与农业、民事、渔业资源相对应）得到了有效利用和管理。这一时期的资源利用特点是生物资源的区域循环利用、梯级或循环利用等有效利用、农民参与资源管理、与日常生活和资源利用相关、通过学校农业资源教育对资源管理给予积极关注。(2)目前，工业废弃物管理问题日益严重。工业废物总量的20%来自农业，主要是动物废物。这些废弃物的有效回收利用需要新的有机肥制造技术、扩大循环面积、调整农业废弃物供需、鼓励循环产业发展等。(3)如果食品加工工业和农场有适当的经营规模和处理技术，可以利用食品加工工业的副产品。例如，山岸农场利用特殊的饲料技术和循环利用系统，利用农工废弃物作为动物饲料。(4)老年人农业集团化耕作对维护土地、灌溉、森林等区域资源具有重要作用，特别是在山区，有利于形成福利群体。(5)考察了农村生活和消费者生活研究中掌握主动生活行为的分析概念，确定了与外部系统相关的行为、与习惯和习俗相关的行为、表演行为和以农业为导向的行为等四种典型类型。

(1) Before high economic growth period, bio-resources (corespond to agri-, cilvi-, mali-culture resources) were used effectively and well managed. The characteristics of resource use in this period were regional recycling of bio-resources, effecitve use such as cascade and/or recycle use, farmer' involvement in recource management, related to daily life and resouce use, and active concern about resource management given through school education about agricultural resources.(2) Currently, industrial waste management is becoming a serious problem.20% of total industrial wastes originated from agriculture, mostly animal wastes. For effective recycling use of these wastes needs a new technology to make organic manure, enlargement of circulation area, the adjustment of demand-supply of agricultural wastes, encouragement of recycling industry and so on.(3) By-products from food-precessing industries can be utilized, if they and agri-farms have a appropriate business size and a handling technology. For example, Yamagishi agri-farm utilize agro-industry waste as an animal feed with special feed technology and recycling system.(4) Agricultural group farming by aged people has important role to maintain regional resources such as land, irrigation and forest, especially in mountainous areas, and they are useful to form welfare group.(5) Analytical concepts to grasp active living behavior in the study of rural life and consumer life were examined, and four typical types as a acts identified related to external system, a act related to habit and customs, a performing act and an agriculture oriented act.