Molecular phytogeography of Aster and Kalimeris in East Asia

对台湾地区紫薇复合体的形态、细胞学和分子分析进行了研究。我们收集了来自台湾15个种群的约200株植物。在形态研究中，共鉴定出4个种，其中2个广布种和2个局限于石灰岩地区的种。在分布较广的植物中，一种类型几乎无毛，经鉴定为多花紫薇，另一种类型为短柔毛，经鉴定为多枝紫杉。从细胞学分析来看，属于多花紫薇的植物均为四倍体，而多花紫杉均为二倍体。它们相继出现在一起。我们对台湾采集的植物进行了cpDNA的RFLP分析。因此，这两个物种表现出不同的单倍型。为了与日本和韩国的植物进行比较，我们重建了日本和韩国植物的系统发育树。最简约的树形结构表现为台湾地区的黄曲霉与日本和韩国的黄曲霉和红曲霉在树的底部分枝形成的拓扑结构。这一结果表明，台湾地区的紫薇复合体有两个谱系。

Morphological, cytological and molecular analysis of Aster ageratoides complex in Taiwan had been studied. We collected about 200 plants from 15 population in Taiwan. In morphological study, four taxa were recognized, the two wide spread species and the two species restricted in limestone area. Among the wide spread species, one type is almost glabrous and identified as A.ageratoides, and the other type is pubescent and identified as A.lasoclada.From the cytological analysis, all plants belonging Aster ageratoides were tetraploid and A.lasioclada were diploid. They occurs allopatrically each other. We had performed the RFLP analysis of cpDNA of the plants collected in Taiwan. As a result, these two species showed difference haplotypes. For comparing to the plants in Japan and Korea, we had reconstructed the phylogenetic tree of the result of present study and previous result of Japanese and Korean plants. The most parsimonious tree showed a topology which A.ageratoides of Taiwan clustered together with Japanese and Korean A.ageratoides and A.lasioclada branched at base of the tree. This result suggests that there are two lineages in Aster ageratoides complex in Taiwan.