Kin structure of colony in polydoumous termites and ants

西表岛和石垣岛高砂白蚁的野外调查。在这三年中进行了。应用DNA指纹技术对群体遗传多态性进行了研究。最近的群体之间的相关性增加。以日本蚁为例，在野外和室内对蚁后数量、交配频率和巢亲结构进行了研究。在日本富士御殿场东坡进行的蚁巢发掘表明，日本赤眼蜂全年弱一夫多妻，在婚期过后，蜂王数量增加，不利于已建巢对新交配蜂王的采纳。解剖和实验室饲养表明，几乎所有的女王在一夫多妻制巢交配，并与成熟的卵母细胞在他们的卵巢生育。多位点DNA指纹被用来研究在同一个巢穴中发现的蚂蚁之间的亲缘关系。指纹带模式显然是由一个简单的遗传规律，并建议单雄交配（单交配每女王）。全姐妹篇间DNA指纹谱带共享度平均值为0.90，蜂王与其女儿间平均值为0.75。成虫和蛹工蜂与蛹雌蜂DNA指纹的比较表明，一个巢中的多个女王可能不平等地贡献雌蜂（新女王）生产。同时对屋久岛日本热白蚁的亲缘结构进行了研究。

Field surveys on Nasutitermes takasagoensis in Iriomote and Ishigaki Isl. were carried out during the three years. DNA fingerprint method was applied on the investigation of genetic polymorphism of the colonies. Increasing of relatedness between the nearest colonies were revealed. In the case of Formica japonica, queen number, mating frequency and nest kin structure of the ant were studied in the field and thelaboratory. Nest excavation in the study site, the east slope of Mt.Fuji Gotenba, Japan, revealed that F.japonica is weakly polygynous all year round and the queen number increases after the nuptial filght season, suggestinq the adoption of newly mated queens by established nests. Dissection and laboratory rearing demonstrated that nearly all queens in polygynous nests had mated and were fertile with mature oocytes in their ovaries. Multilocus DNA finqerprinting was used to examine kin relationships among ants found in the same nests. The fingerprint band patterns were apparently governed by a simple genetic rule and suggested monoandry (single mating per queeen) . The mean band sharing score of DNA fingerprints among full sisters was 0.90, and the mean value between queens and their daughters was 0.75. Comparison of DNA fingerprints of adult and pupal workers with pupal gynes suggested that multiple queens in a nest may contibute unequally to gyne (new queen) production. Hodotermopsis Japonica was also investigated on kin structure of the colonies in Yakushima Isl.