Study on scientific management of catastrophic risks by property insurance

在提交这个研究项目的提案时，我们没有想到会发生像兵古县南部地震这样的破坏性地震，在日本的城市地区造成了灾难性的破坏。这次地震无情地证明了这种研究是非常重要的。我们的项目活动受到地震后果的极大影响。为了实现项目的目标，我们必须处理大量的损坏数据。事实上，这是一项非常艰巨的工作，由于破坏性质的多样性和巨大的震级，在地震发生后几乎不可能收集到适当的信息。即使是现在，地震已经过去两年了，我们仍然无法清晰地看到地震造成的全部破坏。从目前的情况来看，地震的影响仍在继续，我们可以说，现在还不是我们可以做出任何结论的阶段。尽管收集包括经济损失在内的详细损害信息对完成该项目至关重要，但使用地理信息系统（GIS）开始的各种初级损害研究仍处于初级阶段。例如，讨论了建筑物的破坏与龄期、土壤条件、结构类型和其他条件的关系。要了解兵库县南部地震造成的全部损失，似乎需要很长时间。此外，一些收集的数据不能自由获取。经济损失作为本研究最重要的信息，其全貌尚未掌握。在这种情况下，实施这个项目是极其困难的。因此，在本研究中，我们调查了兵库县南部地震前的情况，并指出了地震后的主要变化。通过研究，我们认识到，考虑到地震后的现状，要达到原计划的水平是非常困难的，至少数据维护太差。少

At the time of submission of the proposal of this research project, we didn't expect the occurrence of such a damaging earthquake like Hyogo-ken Nambu Earthquake which caused catastrophic damage in urban areas in Japan. The earthquake proved cynically that this kind of research is very important. Our project activities were greatly influenced by the consequences of the earthquake. To achieve the goal of the project, we had to handle a huge amount of damage data. Indeed, it was very a tough job and it was almost impossible to gather proper information right after the earthquake because of the variety of the nature of damages and its huge magnitude. Even now, two years after the earthquake, a clear image of whole damage still can not be seen. From the current situation that the effects of the earthquake is continuing, we can say that it is not the stage where we can make any conclusion.Although, collection of the detailed information on damage including economical loss is essential to co … More mplete this project, the various studies of the primary stage of the damage started using geographic information system (GIS) are still in their primary phases. For example, relation among damage and age of construction, soil condition, structural types and some other conditions are being discussed. It seems that it will take long time to understand the whole damage caused by the Hyogo-Ken Nambu Earthquake. Moreover, some of the collected data can not be obtained freely. As for economic loss, the most important information for this research, its whole aspect is not yet grasped. Under these circumstances, it was extremely difficult to carry out the project.Therefore in this study, we surveyed the situation before the Hyogo-Ken Nambu Earthquake and pointed out the major changes after the earthquake. Through the study, we have recognized that it is very tough to achieve the level of original plan considering the current situation after the earthquake, at least, the data maintenance is too poor. Less