Physiological study on the cellwall during maturation and ripening in pear fruit.

1.在3年的时间里，对‘法兰西’梨果肉中的多糖醛酸苷和淀粉含量进行了测定。开花后107-139 d，多糖醛酸苷和淀粉含量一直保持较高水平，然后迅速下降，直至165 d左右（'La' France的商业收获期），但绝对水平因生育期而异。当果实在基于DAFB的商业收获时收获时，随后成熟期间的软化度因收获年份而异。结果表明，采后110-120 d果肉中淀粉和糖醛酸苷的含量和组成可作为预测采后果实软化的一个有用指标。2.在本研究的试验期间（107-177 d），在采后107和119 d果肉中观察到了14-C同化物的掺入。这说明梨果实成熟期果肉中聚合物的合成旺盛，而成熟期果肉中聚合物的合成旺盛。石材分布 ...更多信息 用间苯三酚试剂染色观察梨果实中的细胞。石细胞的主要成分是木质素，木质素是所有维管植物中含量最丰富的天然芳香族有机聚合物，在不同的植物中以不同的比例由松柏醇、对香豆醇和芥子醇等酚类物质组成。对梨果肉中酚类物质的提取进行了酸、碱和有机溶剂的浓度试验，确定了乙酰溴、氯酸、硫酸和高氯酸是溶解酚类物质的有效试剂。高氯酸和氢氧化钠可溶性酚类物质含量较高，且随果实生长而降低，硫酸和氯酸可溶性酚类物质含量随果实生长而增加。7.本研究结果表明，果肉细胞壁中的酚类物质在果实生长和成熟过程中可能发生变化，果肉细胞壁中可能含有多种酚类物质。少

1.Polyuronide and starch content in the flesh of 'La France' pear fruit were measured during 3 years. In all years, polyuronide and starch concentration was kept high during the period 107-139 days after full bloom (DAFB) and then decreased rapidly till about 165 DAFB (the commercial harvest date of 'La' France), though the absolute level was varying with rear. When fruit was harvested at the commercial harvest based on DAFB,softenibg during the subsequent ripening differed with harvest years. From these results, concentrations and compositions of starch and plyuronide in flesh at 110-120 DAFB could be an useful index for predicting softening of fruit after harvest.2.Incorporation of 14-C photoassimilates into insoluble solid of flesh was observed in 107 and 119 DAFB during the experimantal period in this sudy (107-177 DAFB). This results shows that vigorous sinthesis of polymers in flesh decreased in maturing period.3.Pear fruits include stone cells in the flesh. Distribution of stone … More cells in pear fruits was observed by staining with phloroglucinol reagent. Most of the stone cells was detected ouitside of the core.4.Major component of stone cell is liglin, which is the most abundant natural aromatic organic polymers found in all vascular plants, and composed of phenolic substances such as coniferyl, p-coumaryl and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. For the analysis of lignin content sulfuric acid extraction and determination method with hydroxylamine were tested.5.For the extraction of phenolic substances in pear flesh, concentraion of several kinds of acids, alkalis and organic solvent were tested, and acetylbromide, chloric acid, sulfuric acid, and perchloric acid were comparetively effective reagents to dissolve phenolic substances.6.In young pear fruit, contents of acetyl bromide, perchloric acid and sodium hydroxide soluble phenolic substances were greater and those decreased with fruit growth, while sulfuric andChloric acid soluble ones were increased with fruit growth.7.Results obtained in this study indicates that phenolic substances in flesh cell wall may change during fruits growth and maturation, and/or several kind of phenolic compounds were includes in flesh cell wall. Less