LIGHTING CONDITION WITH DIFFERENT WAVE LENGTH FOR ANTHOCYIANIN SYNTHESIS OF GRAPE BERRIES

研究了不同波长光对葡萄果实花青素合成的影响。品种间比较，各品种浆果切片花青素合成均受到明显抑制。说明光的存在刺激了葡萄果实花青素的合成。光的质量效果也得到了验证。一般来说，白色和紫外线单独照射，促进花青素合成和两种射线同时照射更有效。在白光和紫外线对‘Gros colman’葡萄的相互作用实验中，虽然UV-B对花青素的合成似乎比UV-A更有效，但其抑制强度更高。在可见光中，蓝色和红色区域的光比绿色和黄色区域的光更有效。考虑到对紫外线的响应，发现“Gros colman”浆果对蓝光至紫外光的响应最大，对花青素合成的红光响应最大。光照条件对花青素色素的组成和总量也有较大影响。此外，糖和脱落酸水平显著影响了浆果切片花青素的合成，并改变了浆果切片花青素合成对光的依赖性。花青素合成与苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性密切相关。说明光照对花青素合成的影响是通过对PAL活性的影响介导的。

In this study, the effects of light with different wave length on anthocyanin synthesis of grape berries were determined. In comparison among cultivars, the anthocyanin synthesis of berry section was markedly suppressed in all cultivars. This suggested that anthocyanin synthesis of grape berry was stimulated by existance of light. And the effect of the quality of light was also cralifed. Genelally, white and ultraviolet rays individually, enhanced anthocyanin synthesis and concomitant irradiation of both rays was more effective.In the experiment for interaction of white and ultraviolet rays on 'Gros colman' grapes, although UV-B seemed to be more effective than UV-A for anthocyanin synthesis, it was suppressive at higher intensity. Among the visible rays, light of blue and red regions were more effective than green and yellow lights. Considering the response to ultraviolet rays, it was found that 'Gros colman' berries had the maxima of response to light in the region from blue to ultra violet of linger wavelength and red for anthocyanin synthesis. And the constitution of anthocyanin pigments as well as the total amount was also considerably affected by lighting condition.Further, it was shown that the levels of sugar and abscisic acid markedly affected the anthocyanin synthesis of berry section, and they altered the dependency of anthocynin snthesis of berry section to light. And also, the close corelation was found between anthocyanin synthesis and phenyl alanineammonia-lyase activity. This suggested the effect of light irradiaion on anthocyanin synthesis was mediated by its effect on PAL activity.