A STUDY ON BACKGROUND FACTORS AND NEED FOR CARE IN MOTHERS WITH MATERNITY BLUES OR POSTNATAL DEPRESSION IN A COMMUNITY.

我们对所谓的“产妇忧郁”和产后抑郁症进行了前瞻性研究。研究对象为在山形大学医院妇产科就诊的111名孕妇和在山形市2家综合医院妇产科就诊的116名孕妇。1.在山形大学医院妇产科就诊的111名孕妇中，7.2%的孕妇在产后1周时被Stein的产妇忧郁量表判定为抑郁，9.9%的孕妇在产后1周时被判定为抑郁。在产后一个月被判定为抑郁。在116名到综合医院就诊的妇女中，有25.9%的人在产后一周被判定为抑郁，25%的人在产后一个月被判定为抑郁。本研究将产后1周和（或）1个月被诊断为抑郁的妇女称为抑郁组。2.大学医院抑郁组妇女在妊娠8个月时的STAI和SDS评分均高于非抑郁组。产后STAI和SDS评分均保持较高水平。非抑郁组产妇产后STAI、SDS评分均下降。3.与产妇产后抑郁状态有显著相关的因素有：（1）产后抑郁的发生率高于产后抑郁的发生率; 1）产妇，2）新生儿的身体障碍，3）抑郁，焦虑和不成熟的人格特质，4）家庭支持低，第五章）这些结果表明，在产后母亲的心理健康服务中，检查孕妇的情绪状态，并为母亲提供切实可行的指导和支持是重要的的新生儿。

We made a prospective study on so called 'maternity blues' and postnatal depression. The subjects were 111 pregnant women who had come to the maternity clinic in Yamagata University Hospital and 116 pregnant women who had come to the maternity clinics in two general hospitals in Yamagata City.1.Seven point two percent of the 111 women who had come to the University Hospital were judged to be depressive at one week postpartum by Stein's scale for maternity blues and 9.9% were judged to be depressive at one month postpartum. Twenty-five point nine percent of the 116 women who had come to the general hospitals were judged to be depressive at one week postpartum and 25% were judged to be depressive at one month postpartum. In the present study, we called the women who were judged to be depressive at one week and/or one month postpartum depressive group.2.The women in depressive group in the University Hospital had higher scores on STAI and SDS at 8 month pregnancy than those in non-depressive group. They had maintained high scores on STAI and SDS after delivery. The women in non-depressive group showed decrease of scores on STAI and SDS after delivery.3.The factors which had significant relation to postnatal depressive states of mothers were as follows ;1) primipara, 2) physical disturbance of neonates, 3) depressive, anxious and immature personality trait, 4) low familial support, 5) feeling their mothers overprotective or lacking in affection.These results suggested that it is important in mental health service for postnatal mothers to examine emotional state of pregnant women and provide practical guidance and support for mothers of newborn.