Geographical Studies on the Bases of Green Tourism in terms of Sustainable Rural and Agricultural Systems

本研究试图从可持续的农村农业系统的角度来阐明绿色旅游的发展及其基础。关东地区的绿色旅游区按其分布模式和功能特点分为3种类型：田园生活型、农业生产型和田园生活与农业生产的混合型。这些类型在关东地区按照距离东京都中心的远近有序分布，农村生活型和混合型分别分布在东京都的远郊区和农村腹地。虽然这两个地区的乡村旅游主要以度假酒店、高尔夫球场和滑雪场等硬设施为主，但其硬绿色旅游并没有对可持续的农村和农业系统做出贡献。在某些情况下，可持续的农村和农业系统已经成功地将农村和环境资源应用于农村地区的发展，另一方面，农业生产类型已经分布在郊区和城市化促进地区。在这些地区，通过门店和农产品直销实现城乡联动的案例很多。这种软绿色旅游在保护生产性绿色土地和生活环境方面发挥了重要作用，因此，可持续的农村和农业系统已经成功地将新鲜和廉价的农产品应用于农民和城市居民之间的联系。

In this study, we tried to make clear the development and its bases of green tourism in terms of sustainable rural and agricultural system. Green tourism regions in the Kanto district were divided into three types with their distributional pattern and distinctive function ; rural life type, farm production type, and mixed type of rural life and farm production. These types have been orderly distributed in the Kanto district according to the distance from Tokyo metropolitan center.The rural life type and the mixed type are distributed in outer suburban area and rural hinterland of Tokyo metropolitan area respectively. Although rural tourism in both areas has been mainly developed with such hard establishments as resort hotels, golf courses and skiing ground, its hard green tourism has not been contributed to sustainable rural and agricultural system. In some cases sustainable rural and agricultural system has been successful with the application of rurality and environmental resources to the development of rural areas.On the other hand, farm production type has been distributed in both suburban and urbanisation promotion areas. In these area there are many cases of linkage between urban and rural areas through gate shops and direct sales of farm production. Such soft green tourism has playd an important role in the conservation of productive green land and living environment, so that sustainable rural and agricultural system has been successful with the application of fresh and inexpensive farm production to the linkage between farmers and city dweller.