The Effects of Separation from Family During Childhood on Social Behaviors observed at Old Ages

本研究的目的是考察二战时期儿童时期与家人分离的经历对老年社会行为的影响，并与没有这种经历的社会行为进行比较。对45名有过疏散与家庭分离经历的男性和106名没有这种经历的男性和女性的数据表明，有过这种经历的人在退休后并不期望有友好的人际关系。我们还指出，在日本现代社会，有过这种经历的人并不是独有的现象，在我们的研究中，“ijime”被定义为在第二次世界大战期间在学校生活中观察到的无缘无故地受到同龄人攻击的经历。我们还从认同形成危机的角度探讨了ijime的一些发生机制。

The purposes of this research are to investigate the effects of experiences of separation from family at childhood during world war II on social behavior observed at old ages, compared with social behavior who had not such experiences.Data obtained from 45 men and women who had experiences of separation from family by evacuation and 106 men and women who had no such experience, both modern of ages are 66, showed that who had experiences of separation do not have expectation to have friendly human relations after their retirement.Also we pointed out that experiences of "ijime" are not phenomena particular to modern society in Japan, "ijime" are defined in our studies as experiences which had been attacked without any reason from their peer group, because of these phenomena were observed in school life during world war II.We discussed also some mechanism of occurrence of "ijime" from the view point of crises of identity formation.