RESEARCH CONCERNING RELATION BETWEEN OWNERSHIP OF PRIVATE WAY AND LIFEINTERESTS OF INHABITANTS.

受法律控制的私人方式与其他方式有很大的不同。虽然人可以使用这些道路散步或开车，但他没有私人通行权，只有这种法律上的各种控制所产生的反射效应。当一条私人道路的所有权不受法律控制时，沿途的居民可以向相关政府机构提出索赔，以纠正这条道路。然而，该机构并不总是有义务服从他们的要求。我研究的目的是如何保护这些居民。我发现了德国的判决和文献，在这些判决和文献中，他们的剥夺继承权——对干扰的要求或对私人道路所有权的损害赔偿的要求得到了承认。他们认为，居民应该得到邻里法支持的这种要求（Immissionsgesetz）。近代文献的法律解释认为，法律控制既具有公共性，又具有私密性，而这种私密性是以社区理论为基础的。这一理论在日本民法典的适用中很难得到认可。另外，我们也没有德国的法令。然而，居民的剥夺继承权要求应该得到承认，因为我理解，在能够获得居民的安全和健康的情况下，必须保护居民的生命利益。

Private ways which are controled in a law(=Kenchikukijun-ho) are very different from the other ones. Though man can use such ways for a walk or drive, he has no private passage-right and only reflexive effect resulting from this legal various controls. When the ownership of a private way does not observe a legal control, inhabitants along the way are able to claim against relative government agency in oder to set that way right. However, this agency is not aliways obliged to obey their claim.The aim of my research was how to protect such inhaitants. I discovered German judgements and literatures in which their disinheritance-demand of disturbance or demand for damages against the ownership of private way was recognized. These have considered that inhabitants should be given such demands suppoted by neighborhood-law (Immissionsgesetz). Then legal explanations by recent literatures understand that legal controls have not only publical but also private character and this character is based by community-theory.It's difficult to recognize this theory in applications of the Japanese Civil Code. In addition, we don' t have such a law as the German Immissionsgesetz. However, inhabitants' disinheri tance-demand should be recognised, because I understand that inhabitants' life-interests must be protected as far as their safety and health are able to be acquired.