Systematization of Life Cycle Assessment Technique on Civil Infrastructure and Integration of Environmental Evaluation Methods

本项目讨论了ILCA（基础设施生命周期评估）方法，并作为一个案例研究，介绍了各种民用基础设施工程的衍生生命周期环境负荷值。收集和估计了各种环境荷载强度作为LCA技术的基础。在此过程中，考虑了不同计算方法下环境荷载强度值的差异。将LCA方法应用于各种类型的城市基础设施和社会系统，如交通系统、废物处理和处置系统、给排水系统、新市镇、土地复垦等。整理了LCA在项目评估中的应用课题。如何将生命周期评价与其他方法（环境影响评价、风险评价、环境资源核算、战略环境评价等）相结合，提供全面的环境评价。推广了全球经济一般均衡模型。在此基础上，建立了考虑世界全区域生产和贸易体系响应的物质平衡模型，并对隐含能源和排放进行了分析。

This project discussed the ILCA (Infrastructure Life Cycle Assessment) methodology, and as a case study presented derived life cycle environmental load values for various civil infrastructure works.1. The various environmental load intensities as the foundations of the LCA technique was collected and estimated. In this process, difference among the value of environmental load intensities by the different calculation techniques was considered.2. The approach of LCA was applied to various types of urban infrastructures and social systems, such as transportation system, waste treatment and disposal system, water supply and sewerage system, new town, land reclamation, and so on.3. The subject for application of LCA to project valuation was arranged. How to integrate life cycle assessment and other methods (environmental impact assessment, risk assessment, environmental resource accounting, strategic environmental assessment, etc.) were considered to provide a comprehensive environmental assessment.4. General equilibrium model for global economy was extended. Thereby, the model was developed so that it could deal the substance balance, and analyze the embodied energy and emission which also took the response cf production and trade system of the world whole region into consideration.