The al-Jafr basin and a comparative study of the inland Levantine prehistoric cultures.

本研究项目的目的是：1)建立1995年在约旦东南部al-Jafr盆地收集的材料数据库，主要是碎石制文物；2)在内陆黎凡特干旱区框架内进行比较研究，重点对al-Jafr盆地进行年代学和文化评价。结果如下：1)数据库：建立了包括图纸和部分照片以及定性/定量描述在内的卡片型数据库。2)比较研究：(a)比较研究表明，该藏品包括从旧石器时代中上、新石器时代晚期、铜器时代到早期青铜器时代的各种石器。因此，al-Jafr盆地被证明是填补阿兹拉克盆地和内盖夫-西奈地区之间空间空白的一个有希望的候选者，这是对内陆黎凡特史前比较研究的一个障碍。(b) Al-Jafr第9503号是收藏地点中最有趣的地点，不仅包括表格式刮刀，而且还包括其核心和碎片。因此，该遗址被证明是第一个被证实的大型平板刮削器工厂遗址，属于晚期铜器时代/早期青铜时代。鉴于此，该遗址为探索公元4世纪下半叶至公元3世纪黎凡特南部早期游牧民族和城市社会之间的活力提供了线索。需要进一步的调查

The purpose of this research project was :1) to construct database of the material, mainly chipped stone artifacts, collected in the al-Jafr basin, southeastern Jordan, in 1995 ;2) to make a comparative study within the framework of the inland Levantine arid regions, focusing on the chronological and cultural assessment of the al-Jafr basin.The results was as follows :1) Database : A card-type database including drawings and some photos as well as qualitative/quantitative descriptions was constructed.2) Comparative studies :(a) The comparative studies suggested that the collection included the wide range of stone implements from Middle-Upper Paleolithic, late Neolithic, Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age. Hence the al-Jafr basin turned out to be a promising candidate to fill the spatial hiatus between the Azraq basin and the Negev-Sinai regions -an obstacle to comparative studies of the inland Levantine prehistory.(b) Al-Jafr No.9503, the most interesting site among the spots of the collection, included not only tabular scrapers but also their cores and debitage. Hence the site turned out to be the first-confirmed mega-factory site of tabular scrapers, belonging to the late Chalcolithic/Early Bronze Age. Given this, the site provides a clue to exploring the dynamism between early nomads and urban society of the southern Levant from the late half of the 4th millennium to the 3rd millennium. Further investigations are needed to