Fundamental Study on the Circulation of Matter Inside and Outside of Building Environmental Control System

本文以垃圾堆肥过程中的物质循环和钢筋混凝土墙体的生产与使用为例，阐述了建筑物空调系统中物质循环的内外循环，并用（火用）概念明确地说明了什么是充分的物质循环。发现以下内容。1.利用火用的概念，对曾经实施的东京垃圾焚烧工程中的能量流动和物质循环进行了数值分析。堆肥厂运行所消耗的火用是所生产蔬菜所含火用的12倍。运送垃圾和堆肥所消耗的（火用）量约为生产蔬菜所含（火用）量的1/4。重要的是使堆肥厂运行所消耗的（火用）量小于所生产的蔬菜所含的（火用）量，以使循环系统的（火用）量减少， ...更多信息 5.堆肥垃圾所获得的物质的转化可以持续。在考察保温性能良好的堆肥箱在不进行辅助加热的情况下能否充分发酵垃圾的试验中，两种堆肥箱的几项反映内容物腐熟度的指标没有差异。这说明保温良好的堆肥池在不需要辅助加热的情况下，可以使垃圾充分发酵。在非保温的堆肥箱中，LNG的消耗量是垃圾的6倍，而保温良好的堆肥箱中LNG的消耗量为零.在钢筋生产过程中，83%的供给火用（包括燃料、原材料和水的火用）是固定的，17%的供给火用（包括燃料、原材料和水的火用）是固定在产品内部的。在使用加强棒时，消耗了固定火用的2%。在混凝土生产过程中，80%的供给火用（包括燃料、原料和水的火用）是确定的，20%的供给火用是固定在产品内部的。在混凝土的使用中，消耗了5%的固定火用。墙体的类型影响墙体在使用过程中的火用消耗量。有效能消耗的速度在以下顺序中较慢：贴瓷砖、涂沥青、涂漆和不涂漆。为了更好地利用化石燃料和原材料，尽可能慢地消耗固定火用是很重要的。少

In this paper, the authors focused upon the circulation of xmtter obtained from composting garbage and the production and use of reinforced concrete walls as exsamples of the circulation of metter inside and outside ofbuilding environneantal cotrol system, showed explicitely using exergy concept what is adequte matter circulation. The following was found.1. Numerical analysis on the flow of energy and the circulation of matter obtained from the once-carried-out project of coirposting garbage in Tokyo was done, using concept of exergy. The armount of exergy consmed for operating the composting plant is twelve times that of exergy contained by the produced vegetable. The anuunt ofexergy consuned Fr the delivery of the garbage and the compost is one-Fourth of the exergy contained by the produced vegetable. It is ixrportant to make the amount of exergy consumed for operating a composting plant, hopefully less than that of exergy contained by the produced vegetable, in order that the circul … More ation of matter obtained fivm composting garbage can be sustained.2. In the experirrent to exanine whether a thernelly-well-insulated conposting tank can fernent garbage sufficiently without auxiliary heating, there was no difference in several indices indicating the degree of maturity of the contents between two conposting tanks. This proves that a therimlly-well-insulated corrposting tank can ferment garbage sufficiently without auxiliary heating. The arrount of exergy consurrption ofLNG becones sixtirres that of the garbage in the case of a non-insulated coirposting tank, while a well-insulated conposting tank needs no exergy consurrption of LNG.3. In the production of reinfbrcing bar, 83% of the supplied exergy which includes the exergy of Fssil fuels, raw materials and water is consurred, 17% of the supplied exergy is fixed within the product. At the use of the reintbrcing bar , 2% of the fixed exergy is consuxied. In the production of concrete, 80% of the supplied exergy which includes the exergy of Fssil fuels raw materials and water is consurred , 20% of the supplied exergy is fixed within the product. At the use ofconcrete, 5% ofthe fixed exergy is consuned. Types of wall inish afect the arreunt ofexergy consuription in the course of the use of the walls. The speed ofexergy consuxiption is slower the Fllowing order : tiled , rmrtared , painted , and no-finish. To make a good use of fossil fuels and raw materials , it is important that the fixed exergy is consumed as slow as possible. Less