The research on the historical changes of meta materials and techniques in the medieval and Edo period

近年来，在日本，随着许多中世纪和江户时代遗址的出土，也发现了一些在古代遗址中未见过的金属器物。例如，出土的烟斗和火柴锁金属饰品在材料史上占有重要地位，因为它们具有日本出现的时间特征。然而，出土后，它们只是存放在仓库中，没有任何分析检验。本研究的目的是通过材料科学研究来考察金属器物的材料和制造技术的历史。金属器物的材料已经得到了发展。古代，铜薄板是由铜制成的；但是，在江户时代，黄铜(铜锌合金)变得非常流行。在黄铜出现之前，青铜(铜锡合金)一直是铸造合金的主要合金。Shakudo(铜金合金)也被公认为研究链。Shakudo(铜金合金)是传统着色合金中的代表之一。通过对Shakudo的研究，可以揭示中世纪和江户时期金属器物的材料和技术高度发达，明治时期的金属器物技术是先进的，其基本背景可以促进现代工业化。

Recently, in Japan, as many medieval and Edo-period sites were excavated, some metal artifacts which was not seen in ancient sites have been found.For example, tobacco pipes and metal ornaments of matchlock excavated in the sites play important role in the history of materials, because they are specially characterized the time in which they appeared in Japan.After excavation, however, they have been just in a storage without any analytical examination.This research has the purpose to consider the history of materials and fabricating techniques of metal artifacts through materials scientific research.The materials of metal artifacts have been developed.In the ancient time, the copper thin plate was made of just copper ; but, in Edo period, brass(Cu-Zn alloy) became very popular.As to casting alloy, bronze(Cu-Sn alloy) had been the main alloy before brass came up.Shakudo(Cu-Au alloy) was also recognized in the chains of research.Shakudo is one of the representative in traditional coloring alloys.This research can reveal that materials and techniques of metal artifacts in the medieval and Edo period were highly developed and the forerunner to the technology in Meiji period.Their basic background could promote modern industrialization.