The research on the history of refining technology of gold and silver in Japan based on experimental verification of "cupellation"

基于“杯形”实验验证的日本金银精炼技术​​史研究

• 批准号: 18300303
• 负责人: MURAKAMI Ryu
• 金额: $ 8.19万
• 依托单位: National Research Institute Cultural Properties, Nara
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2006 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18300303/
• 关键词: cupellation; refining; materials science; instmenal analysis; excavated objects; gold; silver; lead; 銅; 製錬技術; 発掘出土資料

The purpose of this research is to verify experimentally the process of cupellation, in which gold and silver is purified, and to confirm its history in Japan. To reveal the process of metal production chronologically is very important in the history of technology in Japan ; but, it is too difficult for a conventional approach which depends on old documents and records to gain the real image, because there are few documents especially in the ancient time. It is the feature of this research that the research is based on the scientific investigation to the newly excavated objects in the archaeological site concerning to metal productions. The technology purifying gold and silver with lead is, in general, recognized as "cupellation". In the Iwami Ginzan silver mine site, the excavated objects as to cupellation were scientifically investigated. The more-detailed cupellation system was also experimentally verified. It was confirmed that there was a chronological change in the forms and materials of furnaces for cupellation. Up to now, the technology of cupellation has been assumed to have been conveyed to the Iwami Ginzan silver mine in 1533. In this research, it was examined that the technology purifying gold and silver with lead in the latter half of the seventh century in the Asuka-Ike site in Nara Prefecture, which was one of the highest class production sites in ancient Japan, had been able to be done. It is a technology that can say that this is a prototype of so-called cupellation. This fact is important as a big result that rewrites the history of the science and technology in Japan. Moreover, the possibility that a similar technology had been being done from the latter half of the fifteenth century to the first half of the sixteenth century by the group of the Kai gold mines in Yamanashi Prefecture was found. Thus, it is thought that it was possible to contribute to clarifying a technical genealogy of "Cupellation" in our country empirically by this research.

这项研究的目的是通过实验验证杯子的过程，其中黄金和白银被纯化，并确认其在日本的历史。在日本技术史上，按时间顺序揭示金属生产的过程非常重要。但是，对于依赖旧文档和记录的传统方法来说，要获得真实形象是太困难了，因为尤其是在古代，很少有文档。这项研究的特征是，该研究基于对金属生产的考古遗址中新发掘的物体的科学研究。通常，用铅净化黄金和白银的技术被认为是“杯状”。在Iwami Ginzan银矿矿场中，科学研究了有关杯状的挖掘物体。还经过实验验证了更详细的杯子系统。有人确认，炉子的熔炉形式和材料的时间顺序变化。到目前为止，已经假定杯状技术已于1533年传达给Iwami Ginzan银矿。在这项研究中，据研究，该技术在奈拉（Nara）县的Asuka-ake-ake-ake-ake-ake-ake-ake-ake-ake-ake-ake-ake perfocation净化了黄金和白银技术，这是古代日本的最高班级生产地点之一，是古老的日本的最高生产地点之一。这是一项可以说这是所谓杯子的原型。这一事实是重写日本科学技术历史的重大结果，这一点很重要。此外，发现了从15世纪下半叶到16世纪上半叶，Yamanashi县的Kai Gold Mines群已经完成了类似的技术。因此，人们认为可以通过这项研究在经验上阐明我们国家的“ Cupellation”的技术家谱。

项目成果

The materials scientific research on "Cupellation", gold refining technology in Japan in modern times

日本近代黄金提炼技术“Cupellation”的材料科学研究

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: Seiji YOKOYAMA;Ryu MURAKAMI and Jun TAKADA;村上 隆;Ryu MURAKAMI
• 通讯作者: Ryu MURAKAMI

近世の金精練技術、「灰吹法」に関する材料科学的検証

现代早期黄金精炼技术的材料科学验证“灰吹法”

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: 日本文化財科学会 第24回大会研究発表要旨集
• 作者: 村上 隆、横山精士、高田潤;他
• 通讯作者: 他

古代の金・銀精錬を考える-飛鳥池遺跡の事例を中心に-

关于古代金银冶炼的思考——聚焦飞鸟池遗址案例——

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: 奈良文化財研究所紀要2007
• 作者: 村上 隆、横山精士、高田潤;他;村上 隆
• 通讯作者: 村上 隆

The grain size characteristic of tailings excavated in the Iwami Ginzan silver mine

石见银山尾矿尾矿粒度特征

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Proceeding of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 2007 (no-referee)
• 作者: Seiji YOKOYAMA;Ryu MURAKAMI and Jun TAKADA
• 通讯作者: Ryu MURAKAMI and Jun TAKADA

古代の金・銀精錬を考える…飛鳥池遺跡の事例を中心に…

思考远古金银的炼制……聚焦飞鸟池遗迹的案件……

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: 奈良文化財研究所紀要 2007
• 作者: 村上 隆、横山精士、高田潤;他;村上 隆;村上 隆
• 通讯作者: 村上 隆