FEEDING EFFECT OF RICE STRAW ON ENERGY CHARGE AND DIGESTION OF RUMEN MICROORGANISMS OF FATTENED CATTLE

（1）对26个水稻品种（Oryza sativa L.）和定量解剖特征的测定和相关的干物质消化率的植物级分。本文还研究了施硅和不施硅水稻叶片的紫外吸收光谱。通过绵羊饲养试验，研究了施硅与不施硅时稻草在瘤胃内的粒径变化。稻草的高消化率与其较高的含秆率有关，其秆部的固有消化率较高，这与特定组织细胞所占面积的比例有关。施硅水稻秸秆叶片表皮和厚壁细胞壁在320 nm附近的紫外吸收明显低于不施硅水稻秸秆。这与稻秸中对香豆酸酯和阿魏酸酯的大量减少相一致 ...更多信息 用二氧化硅ilized，这对秸秆组织壁的微生物降解产生负面影响。水稻栽培中施用硅肥对瘤胃内稻草颗粒度的影响也是积极的。（2）研究了两种粗饲料（稻、燕麦秸秆）和两种精饲料（精料）组成的四种日粮对绵羊瘤胃消化活性和腺苷酸能荷的影响，并将稻、燕麦秸秆的理化特性（包括粒径减小、消化道通过率和绵羊反刍行为）与日粮的消化活性和腺苷酸能荷进行了相关分析。在25%和75%稻草日粮中，纤维物质的瘤胃降解率相似，而在燕麦秸秆日粮中，25%稻草日粮的纤维物质的瘤胃降解率低于75%稻草日粮。更大的咬的大小和反刍时间观察与秸秆饲料是由于较高的pH值，可能是更高的腺苷酸能量电荷的微生物在绵羊瘤胃相比，燕麦秸秆饲料，特别是在25%的秸秆饲料。还观察到稻草在绵羊消化道中具有更大的粒径减小和通过率。少

(1)The morphological of components of straw from 26 rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) and quantitative anatomical features were determined and related to dry matter digestibility of their botanical fractions. Ultraviolet absorption spectra of the leafbaldes from rice plant cultivated with or without silica application was also examined. A feeding trial with sheep was carried out to measure particle size reduction of rice straw in the rumen as silica was fertilized or not. The greater digestibility of rice straw was related to its higher culm content, and inherently greater digestibility of its culm faction which was associated with the proportion of occupied area of specific tissue cells. The ultraviolet absobance around 320 nm in epidermal and sclerenchymal cell walls of the leafblade was much lower for rice straw cultivated with silica application than that without silica application. This was in good agreement with much decreases of p-coumaric and ferulicacid esters in rice strawfert … More ilized with silica, which negatively affected microbial degradation of straw tissue walls. Silica application on rice cultivation also had a positive effect on particle size red uction of the straw in the rumen.(2)Digestive activity and adenylate energy charge in the rumen of sheep fed on the four diets, formulated by two types of roughages (rice and oat straws) and two levels of concentrates, were investigated and related to the physicochemical characteristics of rice and oat straws including particle size reduction, passage rate in the digestive tract and rumination behavior of sheep. Similar rumen degradability of fibrous materials was observed under the 25% and 75% rice strawdiets, while with the oat straw diets, the value was lower for the 25% straw diet than for the 75% straw diet. Greater bite sizes and rumiation time observed with the straw diets was attributed to higher pH values and probably to higher adenylate energy charge of the microorganisms in the rumen of sheep compared to those of the oat straw diets, especially under the 25% straw diet. Greater particle size reduction and passage rate in the digestive tract of sheep were also observed for rice straw. Less