Analysis of neutrophil Fc receptor phenotype in early onset periodontitis

多形核中性粒细胞（PMN）吞噬功能已被证明在（一些）牙周炎患者受损。PMN可表达两个FcgammaR类的成员：FcgammaRIIa （CD32）和FcgammaRIIIb （CD16）。这两种受体都表现出基因决定的结构和功能双等位基因多态性，这已被证明影响PMN吞噬功能。我们现在评估了这些FcgammaR多态性与成人牙周炎易感性和复发率的相关性。将100例日本成人牙周炎患者的FcgammaRIIa和FcgammaRIIIb基因型与105例种族匹配健康对照的基因型分布进行比较。FcgammaRIIa和FcgammaRIIIb基因型在患者和对照组之间的分布没有明显的偏态。然而，值得注意的是，在疾病复发患者中发现fcgammariib - na2异型的显著过度代表（p<0.05；优势比=4.29；95%置信区间：1.19-16.24）。此外，FcgammaRIIIb-NA2/NA2和FcgammaRIIIb-NA1/NA2基因型患者的年复发率显著高于FcgammaRIIIb-NA1/NA1个体（p<0.05）。fcgammaria - r /R131个体的复发率也较高，但没有达到统计学意义（p=0.06）。这些结果支持fcgammariib - na2异型代表成人牙周炎复发的危险因素。

Polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) phagocytic function has been shown to be impaired in (some) patients with periodontitis. PMN constitutively express members of two FcgammaR classes : FcgammaRIIa (CD32) and FcgammaRIIIb (CD16). Both these recptors exhibit genetically determined structural and functional bi-allelic polymorphisms, which have been shown to influence PMN phagocytic function. We now assessed the relevance of these FcgammaR polymorphisms for susceptibility to adult periodontitis, and recurrence rate. The distribution of FcgammaRIIa and FcgammaRIIIb genotypes of 100 Japanese patients with adult periodontitis under follow-up was compared to the distribution of genotypes in 105 race-matched healthy controls. No significant skewing of distributions of FcgammaRIIa and FcgammaRIIIb genotypes was observed between patients and controls. Notably, however, a significant over-representation of the FcgammaRIIIb-NA2 allotype was found in patients with disease recurrence (p<0.05 ; odds ratio=4.29 ; 95% confidence interval : 1.19-16.24). Moreover, the annual rate of recurrence was significantly higher in patients with the FcgammaRIIIb-NA2/NA2, and FcgammaRIIIb-NA1/NA2 genotypes, than in FcgammaRIIIb-NA1/NA1 individuals (p<0.05). FcgammaRIIa-R/R131 individuals also exhibited high recurrence rates, though this failed to reach statistical significance (p=0.06). These results support the FcgammaRIIIb-NA2 allotype to represent a risk factor for recurrence of adult periodontitis.