The Effects of Saliva Flow Rate on the Oral Environment after food mastication and swallowing.

1)这六种常见的食物要么(a)被分成计算出的一口大小的正常分量，要么(b)被捣碎。研究对象（男女各20人）以正常方式咀嚼a型食物，但b型的人只是将食物放在上颚和舌背之间，没有咀嚼动作（品尝）。唾液流率无性别差异，平均流率在吃饼干时最高，吃米饭时最低。吃饼干的人对品尝的反应占咀嚼的反应的百分比最高（94.3）。[) 14.1%)，水稻最低(73.5% （]SY.+-）。(12.5%) 2)。我们测定了吞咽后残留在口中的食物量。受试者（5名成年人）正常咀嚼食物，并在观看后用20毫升水漱口。我们测量了冲洗水的干重，并与初始食物的干重进行了比较。结果以食物初始干重的百分比表示。最高的是饼干（15.2%），最低的是香肠（1.8%）。其他的如下，fugashi 8。L %，木薯4.2%，大米2.9%.3)。我们评估腮腺唾液对上后颊区唾液清除率的影响。扩散剂为1 mol/l KCl，在1.0%琼脂糖基质中，放置在丙烯酸装置中。每隔一段时间从口腔取出固定树脂板附着在牙齿上的扩散室，将凝胶定量转移到含有300 ml 100 ppm NaCl的瓶中。用原子吸收分光光度法测定液中钾的含量。最短的清除半衰期（初始钾浓度减少一半的时间）发生在第一磨牙部位，最长的清除半衰期发生在第二磨牙部位。

1).The six common foods were either (a) divided into the calculated bite-size normal portions, or (b) the portions were mashed. The subjects (20 of each gender) chewed the foods of type a in the normal way but, with type b, simply held the food between the palate and the dorsum of the tongue, with no masticatory movements (tasting). There were no differences in salivary flow rates due to gender and the mean flow rates were highest with cookies and lowest with rice. The response to tasting as a percentage of that to chewing was highest with cookies (94.3 (]SY.+-。[) 14.1%) and lowest with rice (73.5 (]SY.+-。[) 12.5%)2).We determined the volume of food retained in the mouth after swallowing. The subjects (5 adults) chewed the foods normally and after sawa11owing swished mouth by 20 m1 water. we measured the dry weight of the rinced water and compaired with the dry weight of initial foods. the results were expressed as a percentage of the initial dry weight of foods. The highest was Cookie (l5.2%) and the lowest was sausage (1.8%). The others were as follow, fu-gashi 8.l%, kasutera 4.2%, rice 2.9%.3).We eva1uated the effect of parotid saliva on the rate of salivary clearance in the upper posterior buccal region. The diffusant was 1 mol/l KCl in a 1.0% agarose matrix, placed in acrylic devices. The diffusion chambers which attached to the teeth by a fixed resin plate were taken from the mouth at selected time intervals and the gels transferred quantitatively to flacks containing 300 ml of 100 ppm NaCl. The fluid was analyzed for potassium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The shortest clearance half-times (the time for the initial potassium concentration to decrease by half) occurred in the first molar site and the longest in the second molar site.