Longitudinal Study on the Dependent Elderlies at Home to Examine Factors Related to Motality and Social Support for Survivors and Thier Families

【目的与方法】1992年，对1。1 .规划老年人的保健和福利计划；为了提供高质量的护理和社会支持，旨在改善受抚养老年人及其家庭的生活质量，对居住在埼玉县Yono市市区的150名受抚养老年人（占Yono市老年人口的2%）及其家庭进行了调查（第一次调查），以了解他们的生活条件、护理情况和护理环境。本研究（第二次调查）对这些研究对象进行了为期3年的纵向随访，并通过访问护士的访谈来检查死亡率的变化。此外，在1996年进行了问卷调查，在第二次调查中向死者家属发放了问卷。[结果]1。150名退休老人的3年死亡率为“死亡”70人（46.7%），“搬家”3人（2.0%），“住院或进入机构”9人（6.0%），“拒绝调查”8人（5.3%）。60人（40.0%）在继续在家护理下存活（受试者可用于第二次调查）。死亡人数比例为46.7%，低于Kamata等（Koganei）报道的卧床老年人3年死亡率55.0%。与第一次调查的样本（150人）相比，继续在家接受护理的3年幸存者更年轻，往往更独立。3年后ADL维持率为71.1%，改善率为6%，说明家庭护理状况有改善的趋势。3.将存活组（60人）和死亡组（70人）的数据与第一次调查的数据进行比较，分析死亡率的相关因素，提取年龄、固定化程度、日常生活独立性、综合性、生前意愿、尿失禁（尿便）、护理困难、家庭关系等因素。4.75岁以上的老人占死亡人数的一半以上。家中死亡的发生率随着年龄的增长而增加。这些老人在家中接受照顾，直到病情恶化后才住院。少

[Objectives and Methods] In 1992, to examine the methods of 1.planning health care and welfare programs for the elderly, and 2.supplying high quality care and social support aiming to improve the quality of life of the dependent elderlies and their families, a survey (first survey) was conducted in 150 dependet elderly persons (2% of the elderly population in Yono City) and their families who lived in an urban district Yono City in Saitama Prefecture, to find out their living conditions, care situation and care environment. The present study (second survey) followed these subjects longitudinally for 3 years and examined the changes in motality through interviews by visiting nurses. In addition, a questionnaire survey was conducted in 1996 by posting questionnaires to the families of the dead group in the second survey.[Results] 1.The 3-year motality in the 150 depondet elderlies who were 'dead' in 70 persons (46.7%), 'moved' in 3 (2.0%), 'hospitalized or entered a facility' in 9 (6.0%) … More , and ' refused survey in 8 (5.3%). Sixty persons (40.0%) survived with continued care at home (subjects available for second survey). The proportion of dead persons was 46.7%, lower than the 55.0% 3-year dead rate in bedridden elderlies reported by Kamata et al. (Koganei).2.The 3-year survivors who continued to receive care at home were younger and tended to be more independent compared to the sample (150 persons) in the first survey. ADL was maintained in 71.1% and improved 6% after 3 years, indicating a tendency of improvement in care situation in the families. 3.Data of the survived group (60 persons) and dead group (70 persons) were compared to those of the first survey to analyze factors related to motality, and age, degree of immobilized, independence in daily living, comprehensiveness, living will, incontinence (uinary and fecal), difficulties in care and family relationship were extracted. 4.Elderlies over 75 years of age comprised over half of the dead group. The incidence of death at home increased with age. The elderlies received care at home until their conditions deteriorated, at which point they were hospitalized. Less