Ethnological Studies On Ethnicity and Class Structure of Army and Police in Modern Africa

在这项科学研究中，我们的研究项目试图展示霍德恩非洲国家种族冲突地区的武装部队和警察的组成，特别是西非加纳共和国的组成。加纳发生的政变比军队退位的次数还多；尽管这是普遍的经验。接下来的故事虽然令人沮丧，但很有趣，因为1966年、1972年和1981年的三次重大政变，以及1969年、1979年和1992年的三次重新平民化尝试之间的对比。直到1959年，加纳政府在军队方面的本土化一直是一个值得警惕的问题，从1959年到1966年，加纳军队开始了本土化和“阿坎化”进程。然而，在1966年政变后，军队中种族紧张局势的加剧必须放在军事政权下国内种族仇恨普遍复苏的背景下来看待。这些种族分裂被带入整个军队，考虑到军官队伍的种族结构，“部落主义”成为表达职业不满的便利公式，并可能使职业不满合理化。我们的研究项目试图收集报纸上关于保护基本人权委员会军事政权时期的政治漫画和种族灭绝清单，并分析加纳社会的政治文化和政治格局。此外，我们的研究项目试图从种族和性别的角度对军队和警察的社会结构进行家庭研究。

In this scientific research, our research project tried to aim to present the composition of the armed forces and police, in particular, or the republic of Ghana, West Africa, of the areas of ethnic conflicts in Hodern African states.There have been more coups than there have been abdications by the military in Ghana ; though this is common experience. What follows, although a melancholy story, is interesting because or contrasts between the three major coups of 1966, 1972 and 1981, and between the three attempts at 're-civilianisation' in 1969, 1979 and 1992. Until 1959 the indigenization of the Ghanaian government as far as the military was concerned was one of caution, and, from 1959 to 1966 the process of Ghanaianization and 'Akanization' of the military forces began. However, after 1966 coup, the rise of ethnic tensions in the military must be seen within the context of a general revival of ethnic animosities within the country under the military regimes. These ethnic divisions were carried over into the military at large, and 'tribalism'---given the ethnic structure of the officer corps---became a convenient formula for articulating and possibly rationalizing professional grievances.Our research project tried to collect the newspapers on the political caricature and the lists of genocide of period of the military regimes by the commission for the protection of fundamental human rights, and analysed the political culture and political landscape of Ghanaian societies. Furthermore, our research project tried to do family research of the social structure of the armed forces and police from the viewpoint of not only ethnicity but also gender.