Crime and Duty of Common People in Sendai-Clan

在现代国家，侦查和惩罚犯罪的费用由国家支付。但在前现代国家，普通民众分担了成本。具体的例子有：（1）警察小一见、堂信、明志被派往那些村庄时，住宿费和伙食费都是由当地百姓支付的。此外，老百姓还得为嫌疑犯准备看守人。(2)嫌疑犯被押送到仙台的一个名为冰城所的法庭。旅费由前往仙台途中的城镇支付。(3)嫌疑犯被关押在一个叫Ro的监狱里。普通人分担拘留费用，称为罗马伊。特别是在赌博的情况下，罪犯的邻居不得不支付罗迈。(4)平民与国家共同承担死刑、示众和流放的费用，承担这些费用是平民的义务。在前现代国家的刑事诉讼中，它是不可或缺的。

In the modern states the costs of criminal detection and punishment were paid by the states. But in pre-modern states the common people shared the costs. The concrete examples are as follows :(1) When the policemen who were called Kohitometsuke, Doshin and Meakashi were dispatched to the villages, the costs of their stay and meal were paid by the common people who were lived there. Besides, the common people had to prepare the watchmen for the suspects.(2) The suspects were sent under guard to the court that was called Hyojosho in Sendai. The traveling expenses were paid by the towns which located on the way to Sendai.(3) The suspects were detained in the prison that was called Ro. The common people shared the detaining expenses called Romai. Especially in gambling case the neighbors of the criminal had to pay the Romai.(4) The common people shared the costs of death penalty, pillory and banishment with the states.The share of these costs was the duty of common people. It was indispensable for the criminal procedure in the pre-modern states.