Volunteer Activities and Social Welfare Needs in an Aging Society with Fewer Children

十多年前，作为一项实际的应对措施，我一直建议采用“互惠志愿人员制度”，并通过法律实施这一制度的必要性。然而，对志愿服务的普遍认识仍然局限于一种精髓的观点，被错误地局限于仅仅是“慈善和仁爱”的活动。在本研究中，我在回顾和系统整理志愿活动的历史和概念的同时，也调查了其存在的问题，并对其许多内在的可能性进行了探索。在实践中，(1)即使我们进入21世纪，支持的实际主导作用将继续由妇女及其年轻一代成员履行，基于这一结论，我们的研究是在全国范围内进行的。另一方面，(2)我们还实地考察了英国和欧洲的进步福利国家，寻找我们没有意识到的新情况，并进一步了解了(3)志愿者活动最受欢迎的美国的实际情况。我们还对中国的统治条件进行了大致的洞察。对由此得到的各种结果进行了比较。目前，我们刚刚完成了我们整理的各种数据的汇编，并完成了它们的分析，我们正在根据这些数据就我们的结论作出最后报告。三年的研究成果正在被编入一份单独的出版物，这可能对此类研究做出建设性的贡献。

From over a decade ago, I have been proposing as a practical counter measure, the adoption of a "Reciprocal Volunteer System" and the necessity of its adoption through-a legal implementation. However the general understanding of volunteer services is still confined to a marrow outlook and has been mistakenly confined to merely "charitable and benevolent" activities.In this research, while reviewing and systematically compiling the history and concept of volunteering activities, I have also investigated the awareness of its problems and instituted a search of its many inherent possibilities. In practical terms, (1) even though we are proceeding into the 21st century, the actual leading role of support shall continue to be fulfilled by women and their members of the younger generation and based upon that conclusion, our research was conducted on a national scale. On the other hand, (2) we also made an on site investigation of the progressive welfare states of the United Kingdom and Europe in search of anything new that we were not aware of and also took a further look at (3) the actual conditions ruling in the U.S. where volunteer activities are most popular. We also undertook a general insight into conditions ruling in China. A comparison is intended between the various results thereby obtained. At the present time, we have just about completed a compilation of the various data we have collated and completed their analyses from which we are making a final report on our onclusions. The results of 3 years of study are being made into a single publication that can be a constructive contribution to such studies.