A Study on the Law for Governing University in Occupied Japan

研究目的在于考察美占时期日本国立大学治理与管理体制的建立过程。以下是对研究成果的总结。首先，日本高等教育单位民事信息与教育科的GHQ/SCAP主要向日本政府提出了大学管理制度的立法设计。尽管教育部根据提案推进了国立大学管理法的制定，并将法案提交国会，但反对力度很大，未获表决。第二，法案的主要理念是引入董事会制度，由大学外部人士参与，以实现学术自由。很明显，日本政府和其他政策部门理解这一含义，并在这些问题上达成了一致。同样在战前的日本，政府特殊学校有外部人士参与的议会来管理机构。第三，法案未能实现的原因是，担任总部顾问和高等教育改革负责人的ELLES博士将红色清洗作为最优先事项来推动。他将把1949年夏天的红色大清洗作为首要任务，因此，外部人士参与的管理制度被认为是对教师地位和权利的侵犯。

The purpose of to resea.ch is to consider the establishing process of the governing and managing system for national universities under American occupation in Japan. The following point summarizes the result of research.First, the GHQ/SCAP, Civil Information and Education Section, Higher Education Unit mainly proposed the legislation design of a university management system to the Japanese government. Although the Ministry of Education advanced establishment of the Law for Governing National University based on the proposal and the bill was presented to Diet, the contrary was strong and was not voted.Second, the main concepts of a bill were to introduce the board system that the external people of the university participate to realize the academic freedom. It became clear that the Japanese Government and other policy sector understand the meaning, and they agreed on these points. Also in prewar Japan, the government special schools had council that the external people participated to manage the institution.Third, nevertheless, the reason in which a bill was not materialized is that Dr. Elles, who was a adviser of GHQ and the person in charge of higher education reform, was promoting the Red purge as a matter of the highest priority. He will put top priority on the Red purge around from me summer of 1949, and, for the reason, the governing system which the external people participated was thought to be what infringes on a teacher's status and right.