STUDY OF THE BANNER SOCIETY OF INNER MONGOLIA USING QING DYNASTY ARCHIVAL SOURCES.

本研究旨在考察清代内蒙古社会，特别是在新建立的清廷治下，原有的社会制度是如何在新的治下得以延续的。为了研究这些议程，我们使用了在内蒙古出版的清代各行政单位的档案资料。然后，我选择了两个卷收集的来源，即，“孟苦王安泉”和“成吉思汗八白氏”（秦氏八祠）进行了考察。由于前者所收集的档案资料中没有任何关于蒙古族土著社会的资料，而只涉及与内蒙古草原开垦有关的中国封建活动的行政结构，而后者则是内蒙古西部鄂尔多斯土著旗社的宝贵资料，至今几百年来，它一直保持着青吉可汗的仪式。这是因为我把调查的重点放在了这批材料上。这本书出版了数百份档案文件，只涉及到清朝时期。通过考察，可以清楚地认识到，青吉思汗祠及其祭祀活动不仅是鄂尔多斯部落的活动，而且是整个内蒙古和外蒙古贵族的活动。而作为举行仪式的社会单位的达尔卡德人，承认自己独立于包括鄂尔多斯在内的任何蒙古部落单位，除了仪式费用外，不承担任何税收负担。这说明，清王朝统治下的蒙古人，在分裂了蒙古各部落政治统一的同时，通过清教仪式维护了蒙古各部落精神上的统一。

This research project aims at the investigation on the Qing era society of Inner Mongolia, especially focusing how the former social systems maintaind under the newly established cighulghan qosighu administrative systems of Qing rule. For the purpose of study these agenda, the archival sources of various Qing administrative units published in Inner Mongolia were used. Then I selected two volume collected sources, i.e., "Meng kuwang an quan" and "Cheng ji si han ba bai shi"(the Eight shrines for Qinggis Qan) and made investigation. As the result of that the facts that the former collection of archival sources is not include any materials about Mongolian indeginous society but covered only on the administrative structures of Chinese beaurocratic activities relating the cultivation of Inner Mongolian stepp, and that latter is a valuable source for native banner society of western part of Inner Mongolia, Ordos, which maintained Qinggis qan rituals during several hundred years up to now. That is because I focused my investigation on this collection of materials. This collection published several hundreds of archival documents only concerning to the Qing period. Through my investigation, it clearly recognized that the Qinggis qan shrine and its rituals were maintaind not only by Ordos tribe but also by whole Mongolian nobles of Inner and Outer Mongolia. And the Darqads, which are the social unit carring out the rituals, recognized themselves independent from any Mongolian tribal unit including Ordos, and were free from any tax burden exept from ritual expense. This shows us that the Mongols under Qing rule which splitted the political unity of Mongolian tribes, maintained their spiritual unification through the Qinggis qan rituals.