A Lexical-Semantic Approach to the Interaction between Voice and Aspect

本项目的目标是通过在最近的词汇语义研究中开发的分析工具，明确语态和体之间的关系，主要涉及动词的形式和意义。根据这里的定义，语态是指动词的“及物性-不及物”用法之间的对立，以及众所周知的“主动-被动”对立。体也被认为是语法体，完成体-不完成体，或词汇体，Telic-atelic。语态和体这两个语法范畴实际上都有两个层次的结构，即语法层面和词汇层面。为了实现上述目标，本研究项目的每个成员都致力于不同的(当然是密切相关的)主题。作为该项目的负责人，小野综合了项目成员的分析结果。他从词汇意义与构式意义匹配的角度考察了语态和体的关系。他曾在有关这一主题的会议和书面论文中报告了研究结果。菅义伟写了一篇关于日语体动词及物性和不及物性的论文。Maruta在他的论文中讨论了与动词的词汇方面有关的使役交替。Uehara提出了一项分析，该分析利用了一个认知概念“存根客观性”，并展示了它是如何与语音现象相关联的。

The goal of the present project is to make explicit the relationship between voice and aspect, which are mainly concerned with the form and meaning of verbs, by means of the analytical tools developed in the recent lexical-semantic investigations. Voice, as defined here, means the opposition between "transitive-intransitive" usage of verbs, in addition to the well-known "active -passive" oppositions. Aspect is also conceived either as grammatical aspect, perfective-imperfective, or as lexical aspect, telic-atelic. Both of the grammatical categories, voice and aspect, have in effect two layered structures, i.e. grammatical level and lexical level.In order to achieve the above-mentioned goals, each member of this research project has worked on different (but of course closely related) topics. As the head of the project, Ono has integrated the resulting analyses of the project members. He has examined the relationship between voice and aspect from the perspective of matching lexical meanings with constructional meanings. He has reported the results at conferences and written papers on this topic. Suga has written a paper about the transitivity and intransitivity of aspectual verbs in Japanese. Maruta has discussed in his papers the causative alternations in relation to the lexical aspect of verbs. Uehara has presented an analysis which exploits a cognitive notion "stubjectivity" and shown how it is associated with voice phenomena.