Comparative Study on the Legal Regulation of Private Rented Sector

本研究的目的是研究私人租赁部门在日本住房政策中的未来作用，并评估日本对私人租赁住房的有效法律监管。为了实现这两个目标，作者考察了英国和美国私人租赁行业的现状、法律监管的主要特征和社会功能。本研究的主要研究结果有4个。首先是对不同国家住房政策和法律对私人租赁部门的比较进行理论研究。通过对当代欧洲国家住房研究趋势的研究，强调了认识住房供给和住房消费的总体结构的重要性，提出了同一性和多样性、不同类型和阶段性发展等基本概念。其次，考察了日本1999年《固定期限租赁法》出台的背景，考察了该法的特点，研究了该法的实践效果，得出了该法无效的结论。第三，作者考察了环境、交通和地区部2000年发布的《住房绿皮书》和《住房政策文件》，明确了英国私人租赁住房的现状和最近租金监管的变化。最后，作者追溯了20世纪70年代以来美国房东和房客法的发展，并考察了美国各州的州立法和城镇条例的发展。作者还揭示了《房东与房客重述》和《房东与房客示范法典》的理论发展。

The purposes of this study are to examine the future role of private rented sector in Japanese housing policy and to evaluate an effective legal regulation of private rented housing in Japan. In order to pursue these two objectives, the author examines present situations, main features of legal regulation and social functions of private rented sectors both in the U.K.and the U.S.There are 4 main research results from this study. The first is a theoritical study on the comparison of housing policy and law on privarte rented sectors in different countries. The author researched contemporary trends of housing studies in European countries, then empahsised the importance of recognizing the total structure of housing supply and housing consumption, and developed such basic concepts as the identity and diversity, and the different types and phasal developments.Secondly, the author investigated a background of an introduction of fixed term letting Act of 1999 in Japan, examined characteristics of this Act, studied prctical effects of this Act, and concluded an ineffectiveness of this Act.Thirdly, the author examined Housing Green Paper and Housing Policy Document both were published in 2000 by the Department of Environment, Transport and Regions, and made clear of present conditions of private rented housing and recent changes of rent regulation in Britain.Finally, the author traced development of landlord and tenant law in the U.S.since 1970's, and examined a development of state legislations in different States of the U.S.and Ordonances or Regulations in Cities and Towns. Also the author revealed a theoritical development in the Restatement of landlord and Tenant, and the Model Code of Landlord and Tenant.