Comparative Study on Agricultural and Rural Development Committee of Developing Countries in term of Japanese Experiences

“参与式发展”已成为发展经济学的主要问题之一。例如，孟加拉国政府制定了1995-2010年孟加拉国参与性远景计划的最后草案。方案强调了以下几点。首先，“基于人是发展的中心这一前提，规划是在地方一级构思的，是为了地方人民和由地方人民制定的。过去基于汇编资源并根据部门目标分配资源而制定的传统计划在不同层面上缺乏”主人翁意识“，由于对特别是在地方一级实施的体制结构考虑不力或考虑不足而失败。”另一点是加强机构基础设施，以便在地方一级迅速执行发展方案。这为第一个研究提供了可操作的维度。本研究显示了地方发展单位的重要性，它被定义为人们利用其参与发展的地理区域。回顾了战后日本农村发展的经验，对南亚四国的“地方发展单位”进行了比较考察。

'Participatory Development' has become one of the main issues of development economics. For instance, the Government of Bangladesh had made out the final draft of Participatory Perspective Plan for Bangladesh 1995-2010. The plan emphasizes the following points. First, 'based on the premise that people are the centre-piece of development, planning is conceived at the local level, for and by the local people. Conventional plans of the past drawn on the basis of compiling resources and allocating them against sectoral targets have lacked "ownership" at different levels and have been unsuccessful because of weak or inadequate consideration of the institutional structure for implementation particularly at the local level'. The other point is strengthening of the institutional infrastructure for rapid implementation of development programmes at the local level. This provides the operational dimension to the first.This study shows the importance of 'local development unit' defined as a geographical area of which the people take advantage to participate in development. Reviewing Japanese experience of rural development during the postwar period, 'local development unit' of four South Asian countries are comparatively examined.