Theoretical and Empirical Study on Conversion of Business Forms in Farming ; Comparison of Japan, EU and USA

本研究从理论和实证两个方面探讨了日本农业企业转型的问题，并提出了促进日本各种农业企业发展的对策。家族企业可以分为独资、合伙和公司三种类型。自20世纪80年代S以来，欧盟、美国和日本的家庭农场开始以股份制和公司制经营。从农场正式劳动者的角度分析，家庭农场可以分为以下五种类型：(1)没有正式农场工人的农场家庭(2000年占55.7%)(2)有老年农场正式工人的农场家庭(29.4%)(3)有女性正式农场工人的(7.3%)(4)有家庭成员的正式农场工人(14.9%)(5)有雇工(10.1%)。拥有老年固定农场工人的农场家庭一直在增加，雇佣劳动力的家庭也迅速增加。

This study dealt with theoretical and empirical approaches to conversion of business forms in farming to develop the measures for promoting various farming establishments in Japan.Family holdings can be divided into three types of business forms, such as proprietorships, partnerships and companies. Family farms have converted proprietorships to partnerships and companies in business forms since 1980's in not only EU, USA but also Japan.By an analysis on a view point of regular farm workers family farms are classified into following five types ; (1) farm household without regular farm workers ( 55.7% in 2000 ) (2) farm household with aged regular farm workers ( 29.4% ) (3) with female regular farm workers ( 7.3% ) (4) with family member regular farm workers ( 14.9% ) (5) with hired labor ( 10.1% ). Farm households with aged regular farm workers have been increasing and ones with hired labor also increasing rapidly.