A search for prostate cancer-specific genes

前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）检测在1986年的引入导致了前列腺癌发病率的急剧增加。即使在日本，前列腺癌的患病率长期以来一直被认为是低的，发病率也在上升：预计病例数将从2000年的12，783例增加到2015年的26，110例。超声引导活检也有助于前列腺癌的检测。这导致了向更局限性疾病的阶段转移。但是，通过PSA检测早期发现前列腺癌将如何影响患者的长期生存尚不清楚，主要是因为我们无法在诊断时有效预测肿瘤的临床过程。许多患有前列腺癌的男性实际上会与它一起死亡，而不是死于它。差异显示分析表明，共96个不同表达的，癌症特异性条带。随后的cDNA文库的克隆和筛选鉴定了361 bp的氨基酸序列，其似乎与人乳铁蛋白mRNA相同。北方杂交和RT-PCR结果表明，该基因在不同组织中有不同的表达模式，可能是一种潜在的生物学标记。进一步的研究正在进行中。

Introduction of prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing in 1986 has resulted in a dramatic increase in the reported incidence of prostate cancer. Even in Japan, where the prevalence of prostate cancer has long been considered low, the incidence is on the rise: The number of cases is anticipated to increase from 12,783 in 2000 to as many as 26,110 by 2015. Ultrasound-guided biopsy also has facilitated the detection of prostate cancer. This has resulted in stage shift toward more localized diseases. But how this early detection of prostate cancer through PSA testing will affect long-term patient survival is unknown, mainly because we cannot effectively predict at diagnosis the clinical course a tumor will take. Many men with prostate cancer will actually die with it rather than die of it. cDNA library was established from hormone refractory prostate cancer. Differential display analysis indicated a total of 96 differently expressed, cancer-specific bands. Subsequent cloning and screening of cDNA library identified a 361 bp amino acid sequence, which appeared to be identical to Human Lactoferin mRNA. Northern hybridization and RT-PCR of human normal as well as prostatic cancer tissue indicated various patterns of expression of this gene in different human tissues, suggesting potential biological marker. Further study is now underway.