Analysis on Individual Difference in Urban Landscape Evaluation Based on the Concept of Expected Schema

本研究旨在阐明城市景观评价中个体差异的形成过程。采用包括森冈市风景图片在内的5个刺激，对岩手大学的9名学生进行了个人态度结构的PAC分析。研究结果表明：1.在街道空间评价中，居住在森冈2年以下的学生意识到空间中的物体是“形体”。对于那些活了10年以上的人，他们没有意识到他们，并根据他们之前形成的形象进行评价，用形容词来表达气氛。在这些差异中发现了形成过程。在对山水等自然景观的评价中，学生对自然价值的认识程度是重要因素。对于那些生活了10年以上的人，照片中的所有场景都是有价值的，证实了上述形成过程适用于此案。有必要形成‘背景’，以使‘图形’清晰。然后，将Neisser的期望图式概念应用于空间评价中个体差异形成过程的模型构建。这一过程可以被解释为本报告中所示的模型所显示的不是粗略而是密集的“背景”的“过滤”现象，

The Purpose of this study is to clarify the formative process of individual difference in urban landscape evaluation. PAC (Personal Attitude Construct) Analysis was tried to 9 students of Iwate-University by using 5 stimuli including landscape pictures of Morioka City. Then, the concept of expected schema by U.Neisser was applied to the findings through the analysis.The results were summarized as follows ;1. In the evaluation of street space, the students living in Morioka less than 2 years were conscious of the objects in the space as 'Figure'. As for ones living more than 10 years, they were unconscious of them, and evaluated according to their images formed previously and expressed the atmosphere by adjective words. The formative process was found in those differences.2. In the evaluation of landscape with nature such as mountains, rivers, and so on, it was important factor how the students recognized the value of nature. For ones living more than 10 years, all of the scene in the picture were valuable and it was confirmed that the above-mentioned formative process was applied to this case.3. It was necessary to form 'Background' to make 'Figure' clear. Then, the concept of expected schema by U.Neisser was applied to the attempt to make model on formative process in individual difference in space evaluation. The process could be explained as the phenomenon of 'Filter-out' with not rough but dense 'Background' by the model showed in this report,