Studies on Functional Evaluation of Regenerated Optic Nerve

1.眼内应用神经营养因子对猫视网膜神经节细胞存活和轴突再生的促进作用(Watanabe等，2002)：眼内应用BDNF、CNTF和Forsklin的混合物后，周围神经移植物移植的猫视网膜神经节细胞的存活和轴突再生显著增加。这一效应在β细胞中尤为明显。视神经切断猫视网膜神经节细胞视觉信息处理能力(Takao et al.，2002)：视神经切断后第5天和第14天评价视神经切断猫视网膜神经节细胞的视功能。大多数存活的细胞表现出正常的视觉反应，这使其能够分类为Y或X细胞。但在部分轴突切断的细胞中，感受野中心的大小缩小。Bcl2高表达小鼠视网膜神经节细胞存活和轴突再生的定量评估(Inouet等人，2002年)：in b…更多的CL-2转基因小鼠，轴突切断的神经节细胞的存活率显著高于野生型小鼠，而通过周围神经移植评估的轴突再生，两者相似。这一结果似乎与众所周知的bcl2对视网膜神经节细胞轴突再生和存活有促进作用的说法相矛盾。电刺激切断的视神经对切断的大鼠视网膜神经节细胞的存活促进作用(Morimoto et al.，2002)：单相电脉冲(50μA，50μS，S，20赫兹)作用于视神经切断端2小时，可使视网膜神经节细胞的一周存活率比对照水平(53%)提高83%。视觉功能恢复的行为学评估(Sasaki等人，1999)：用周围神经移植重建视网膜-小脑投射的仓鼠在用三种不同的行为范式评估时显示出视觉引导行为：开阔领域行为、经典厌恶条件反射和操作员回避学习。综述猫视网膜神经节细胞的退变、存活和轴突再生(Watanabe and Fukuda，2002)：在总结了我们最近在猫视网膜神经节细胞方面的工作后，我们综述了世界范围内保护成年哺乳动物受损的视网膜神经节细胞和促进其轴突再生的试验现状。较少

1. Facilitatory effects of intraocularly applied neurotrophins on survival and axonal regeneration of cat retina ganglion cells (Watanabe et al., 2002) : After intraocular applications of a mixture of BDNF, CNTF and forskolin, not only the survival but also the axonal regeneration by peripheral nerve graft was significantly enhanced in axotomized cat retinal ganglion cells. The effect was especially conspicous on beta cells.2. Capacities of visual information processing in axotomized cat retinal ganglion cells (Takao et al., 2002) : 5 and 14 days after optic nerve transection visual function of axotomized cat retina ganglion cells were evaluated. Most of the surviving cells revealed normal visual responses which enabled to classify into Y or X cells. However, the size of the receptive field center was shrunken in some of the axotomized cells.3. Quantitative evaluations of survival and axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells in bcl-2 overexpressed mice (Inouet et al., 2002) : In b … More cl-2 transgenic mice the survival of axotomzied ganglion cells was significantly higher than in wild type mice, whereas the axonal regeneration, assessed by peripheral nerve transplanation, was similar between the two. This result appears to be in conflict with the well known suggestion that bcl-2 has promoting effect on axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells as well as their survival.4. Survival promoting effects of electrical stimulation to the cut optic nerve on axotomized rertinal ganglion cells in rats (Morimoto et al., 2002) : Monophasic electrical plulses (50 μA, 50μs, At s , 20 Hz) applied for 2 hrs to the cut end of the optic nerve enhanced the one-week survival of retinal gangion cells up to 83 % from the control level (53 %).5. Behavioral evaluations of functional recovery of vision (Sasaki et al., 1999) : Hamsters having a reconstructed retino-collicular projection with peripheral nerve graft revealed visually guided behaviors when assessed by three different behavioral paradigms ; open field behavior, classical aversive conditioning and operant avoidance learning.6. Review works on degeneration, surival and axonal regeneration of cat retinal ganglion cells (Watanabe and Fukuda, 2002) : After summarizing our recent works on cat retinal ganglion cells, we reviewed the present status of the worldwide trials towards the protection of damaged retinal ganglion cells and the promotion of their axonal regeneration in adult mammals. Less