European Infrastructures: Catalyst or Indicator of Changing European Economic Orders in the Single Market Project of the 1980s/90s?

该项目旨在严格审查1980/90年代欧共体市场和基础设施竞争秩序的根本变化，并重新评估其对完成单一市场项目的重要性。基础设施如何以及为什么要服从竞争性市场秩序？在各个基础设施之间可以识别哪些相互依赖性？基础设施在1980/90年代欧洲市场和竞争秩序的全面转变中发挥了什么作用？它们是单一市场项目背景下欧洲经济秩序转型的催化剂还是指标？监管结构之所以如此有趣，是因为几乎没有任何其他经济部门的监管差异冲突如此激烈，并导致如此激进的转变。在此期间，欧共体明显扩大了其权限，第一次一贯利用现有的权限，并在国家活动的重要核心领域，无论是业务还是监管方面，都将成员国推回。该项目基于一个工作假设，即迄今为止在研究中很少受到关注的1978年至1984年实际上是市场和竞争秩序变化的决定性年份。委员会和欧洲法院对个别市场部门的一些微小变化和具有象征意义的竞争政策决定，引发了累积效应，导致了1980年代后半期的全面政治行动。如果这一论点能够得到证实，那么就必须进一步问，基础设施部门的竞争性转变在多大程度上推动了整个内部市场项目？是否需要重新评估《单一欧洲法案》和《马斯特里赫特条约》背后的发展和动态？该项目的重点是内陆运输、电信和航空，因为这些部门代表着向新的欧洲市场和竞争秩序的转变。它们最适合于审查催化剂和指标功能，同时也适合于调查各个部门之间的相互依存关系。

The project aims to critically examine the fundamental change in the EC market and competition order for infrastructures in the 1980/90s and to reassess its significance for the completion of the Single Market project. How and why were infrastructures subjected to competitive market orders? What interdependencies can be identified between individual infrastructures? What role did infrastructures play in the overall transformation of European market and competition orders in the 1980s/90s? Were they catalysts or indicators of the transformation of the European economic order in the context of the Single Market project? Infrastructures are so interesting because in hardly any other economic sector did the regulatory differences clash so intensively and result in such radical transformations. During this period, the EC noticeably expanded its competences, for the first time consistently exploited already existing competences and pushed back the member states in important core areas of state activity, both operationally and regulatively. The project is based on the working hypothesis that the years between 1978 and 1984, which have received little attention in research so far, were actually the decisive years for the change in the market and competition order. A number of minor changes in individual market segments and symbolically significant competition policy decisions by the Commission and the ECJ triggered a cumulative effect that then led to comprehensive political action in the second half of the 1980s. If this thesis can be corroborated, then it must be further asked to what extent the competitive transformation in the infrastructure sectors fuelled the internal market project in general? Do the developments and dynamics behind the Single European Act and the Maastricht Treaty need to be reassessed? The focus of the project is on inland transport, telecommunications and aviation, because these sectors are representative of the transformation to a new European market and competition order. They are best suited for examining the catalyst and indicator function and at the same time for investigating interdependencies between the individual sectors.