A Study on the School Management for More Open and Unique Utilizing the Diversity of the Cognition to Organizational Climate and Culture

本研究旨在厘清与学校有关人士所认识到的小学组织气氛及文化的多样性，厘清他们对学校组织气氛及文化的认知特点，以此作为改善学校管理的重要资料，并提出改善学校管理的策略，以期对家庭及社区更开放，并从不同资讯的角度进一步推动学校独特的教育活动。我通过对13所小学的211名办事员、117名护理教师、104名营养师和厨师、1,999名家长和9所小学的185名工作人员(校长、副校长、教师、办事员和护理教师)进行了5份问卷调查，收集了数据。并通过对9所小学的访谈收集数据，调查了每所学校在与家庭和社区关系方面的独特教育活动和管理风格。家长对学校的组织氛围和文化的认知与学校教职员工的认知不同。在学校内部，非教职员工的认知与教职员工的认知不同。这些关于组织氛围和文化的不同信息将是一个重要的信息。明确了建立学校评价体系对改进学校管理、建立学校、家庭、社区沟通渠道的重要性。当每所学校将利用不同的信息时，学校的进步将得到更多的促进。

The purposes of this study are to clarify the diversity of the organizational climate and culture in elementary schools that the person related to the school recognize, to clarify the characteristics of those cognition to the organizational climate and culture of the school as a significant information for improving school management, and to propose the strategies for improving school management in order to be more open to families and communities and to further promote each school's unique educational activities from viewpoints of different information. I gathered data by administering five questionnaires to 211 clerks, 117 nursing teachers, 104 nutritionists and cooks, 1,999 parents in 13 elementary schools, and 185 staff (principals, vice-principals, teachers, clerks and nursing teachers) in 9 elementary schools. And I gathered data by interviewing toward 9 elementary schools in order to investigate each school's unique educational activities and management style of the relationship with families and communities.The parents' cognition of the organizational climate and culture of the school were different from the cognition of school staff. And within the school, the non-teaching staffs cognition were different from teaching staffs cognition. Those different information of organizational climate and culture will be a significant information. I identified the importance of the establishment of school evaluation system on improving school management and of communication channel among school, family and community. When each school will utilize that different information, school improvement will be more promoted.