A QUATATIVE ANALYSIS OF JAPAN 'S TRADE SPECIALIZATION WITH ASIAN COUNTRIES AND A STUDY OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT OF JAPAN AND ASIAN COUNTRIES

本研究的目的在于考察1978-1998年日本高技术产品国际贸易的结构和分布，以确定日本在亚洲国家和美国之间的贸易专业化结构。同时，日本与主要贸易伙伴的贸易绩效是NIES 4（韩国、台湾、新加坡、香港）、东盟4国（泰国、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、菲律宾）、中国和美国。此外，本研究报告中被确定为高技术产品的142种产品是欧洲共同体统计局界定的产品，产品的选择是根据《国际贸易标准分类修订版2》界定的。产品的分类有两种方式。第一种是按产业分类，第二种是按消费品、资本品、中间产品三大类分类，用两个指标来解释日本的贸易专业化。第一个是竞争力指标，第二个是比较优势指标。贸易平衡是竞争力的指标，是衡量各国之间每种产品的竞争力的指标。贸易平衡贡献是衡量各国产品之间比较优势的指标。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure and distribution of international trade in high-technology products over the period 1978-1998 with a view to establishing the structure of Japan' s trade specialization among Asian countries and U.S. At the same time in this study, some theoretical framework that can explain the trade in high-technology products is dealt.The trade performance of Japan with the main trading partners are NIES4(Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong), ASEAN4(Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines) , China, and USA. In Addition, the 142 products identified as high -technology products in this study are those defined by the SOEC (the Statistical Office of the European Communities) and the selection of the products is defined according to SITC Rev. 2. And there are two way of classification of the products. The first one is classified according to industry and the second one is according to the three groupings -consumer, capital, intermediate products.There are two indicators to explain the Japan's trade specialization. The first one is competitiveness indicator and the second is comparative advantage indicator. Trade balance is the indicator of competitiveness, which is measured between countries for each product. Contribution of trade balance is the indicator of comparative advantage, which is measured between products for each country.