Research of Japan's trade structure with the Ease Asian countries and the United States basing on analysis of the data broken down by the end-use classification.

本研究首先以跨境共享的生产过程即贸易的垂直结构为研究对象，根据第2版BEC（Broad Economic Categories）的商品分类，对生产过程分工的进展即垂直化进行了分析。其次，将东亚地区的贸易形式分为单向贸易（产业间贸易）、垂直产业内贸易（产品质量差异化）和水平产业内贸易（产品属性差异化）。垂直型产业内贸易是指同一商品的平均单位出口价值与进口价值之间的巨大差距，这种贸易正在扩大。第三，将贸易产品分为三类：高端市场产品、中端市场产品和低端市场产品。日本在零部件和资本货物等高端市场产品上具有比较优势。最后分析了企业活动的变化导致贸易结构的变化。构成全球价值链的各企业间的国际关系正在发生巨大变化，并影响着贸易结构。

In this research, firstly, vertical structure of trade, which is the production process shared across borders, is focused on and verticalization, which is the progress in division of the production process, is analyzed according to the goods classification classified by the 2nd edition of BEC (Broad Economic Categories). It is made clear that Verticalization in the East Asian region is remarkableSecondly, the trade form was classified into three: one-way trade (inter-industry trade), vertical intra-industry trade (products differentiated by quality) and horizontal intra-industry trade (products differentiated by attributes). Vertical intra-industry trade, which is identified as high disparity between the average unit value of export and import of the same goods, is increasing. Especially, the rate of vertical intra-industry trade is high in parts trade.Thirdly, trade goods are classified into three groups: up market products, middle market products, and down market products. Japan has comparative advantage in up market products of parts and capital goods products.Finally, change of corporate activity which results in change of the trade structure is analyzed. The international relations of the facility units of companies which form global value chains chain is changing drastically and affect trade structure.