A study on the Emission Mechanism of X-ray and Gamma-rays from the pulsars

我们首次提出了高能发射区的自洽模型，其中电场、等离子体运动、对偶和伽马射线发射是自洽求解的。在观测研究中，我们在X射线中发现了大量的脉冲星，例如PSR J0631+1036。其中，已知最快毫秒脉冲星PSR1937+21的发现具有重要意义。我们发现主要的X射线脉冲与射电脉冲重合。我们搜索了几个SNR来寻找中心脉冲星。我们的重要发现是：(1)一些脉冲星一开始就很慢，(2)脉冲星星云呈圆盘和喷流结构，我们还观测到了银河系沿线不明的伽马射线源。我们发现，它们中的大多数都有星云，表明它们是未知的脉冲星。我们观测到了一些射电安静的中子星，这给中子星的数量带来了一个问题。我们研究了中子星内部的涡旋线。我们发现，具有扭结的涡旋构型是稳定的，并且产生了强钉扎态。这表明，多晶结构中涡旋线的钉扎仍然足够强，足以解释巨大的故障。

We presented for the first time the self-consistent model of the emitting region in high energies, for which the electric field, plasma motion, pari cration and gamma-ray emission are solved together self-consistently. It is shown that the previous belief that the electric field is screen out by the copious pair plasmas is shown to be unjustified.For the observational investigation, we discovered lots of pulsars in X-rays, e.g., PSR J0631+1036. Amongst them, the discovery of the fastest millisecond pulsar known, PSR 1937+21 has great importance. We find the main X-ray pulses coincide with the radio interpulses.We searched several SNRs for the central pulsars. Our important findings are(1) some pulsars are slow at first when they were born,and (2) pulsar nebulae shows disc and jet structure.We also observed unidentified gamma-ray sources along the milky way. We find that most of them has nebulosity indicating they are unknown pulsars. We observed some radio quiet neutron stars, which gives arise a problem on neutrons star population.We studied on vortex lines inside of the neutron star. We find that the vortex configuration with kinks is stable and yields the strongly pinned states. This suggests that pinning of a vortex line in a polycrystalline structure would still be strong enough to explain the large glitches.