A comparative study on the ecological basis of the selectivity of hunting targets by chimpanzees among several study sites

通过对坦桑尼亚马哈尔山国家公园红疣猴反黑猩猩狩猎策略数据的分析，得到以下结果：1）马哈尔山红疣猴对黑猩猩狩猎采取“站立和防御策略”。2)他们没有形成混合物种协会与红尾猴作为反黑猩猩狩猎策略。京都大学的上原博士和我通过对八种昼行哺乳动物的数据分析发现，马哈尔的黑猩猩在对猎物物种的选择性方面表现出相当广泛的食性特征。我、马克斯·普朗克研究所的Uehara博士和Boesch博士比较了Mahale和象牙海岸Tai森林国家公园的黑猩猩和红疣猴的种间关系，并从比较中得到以下结果：1）红疣猴对黑猩猩的反狩猎策略因黑猩猩狩猎技术的不同而在两个研究地点有所不同，2）这些差异不仅与植被类型和气候的差异有关，还与“猎物意象”等因素有关。我还分析了1999年至2000年在乌干达Kalinzu森林实地调查期间收集的数据，并得出以下结果：1）卡林祖的黑猩猩可能猎杀过阿比西尼亚疣猴; 2）卡林祖的黑猩猩狩猎技术与坦桑尼亚的Mahale或贡贝相似，但与Tai不同; 3）卡林祖的阿比西尼亚疣猴采取了“隐藏策略”来对抗黑猩猩狩猎。

The following results were obtained from an analysis of data on anti-chimpanzee hunting strategies of red colobus at the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania ; 1) red colobus at Mahale adopted "Stand and defend strategy" against chimpanzee hunting. 2) they did not form mixed species associations with red tailed monkeys as anti-chimpanzee hunting strategy. Dr Uehara of Kyoto University and I revealed that the chimpanzees, at Mahale showed a rather euryphagous feature in terms of the selectivity of prey species from an analysis of data on abundance of eight species of diurnal mammals. I, Dr Uehara and Dr Boesch of Max Plunk Institute compared the interspecific relationships of chimpanzees and red colobus between Mahale and the Tai Forest National Park, Ivory Coast, and the following results were obtained from the comparison ; 1) the anti-chimpanzee hunting strategies of red colobus differed between the two study sites according to the difference of hunting techniques of chimpanzees, 2) these differences were related not only to the differences of vegetation types and climates but also to other factors such as "Prey images". I also analyzed the data collected during a field survey at the Kalinzu Forest, Uganda from 1999 to 2000, and the following results were obtained ; 1) there was a possibility that Abyssinian colobus were hunted by chimpanzees at Kalinzu, 2) the hunting techniques of chimpanzees at Kalinzu were resemble with these of Mahale or Gombe in Tanzania but not with Tai, 3) Abyssinian colobus at Kalinzu adopted "Hide strategy" against chimpanzee hunting.