In vitro embryotoxicity testing of dental biomaterials by defferentiation of embryonic stem cells

采用胚胎干细胞试验（EST）考察牙用生物材料对小鼠D3细胞系（ES-D3细胞）胚胎干细胞分化的影响，该试验包括向收缩心肌分化率、ES-D3细胞和Balb/c 3T3细胞50%细胞活力和克隆A31 （3T3细胞）3个参数，最后按指定公式计算。其中，Bis-GMA、UDMA、Bis-MPEPP、TEGDMA、Bis-GMA（6F）、6-HHMA和MTYA为“弱胚胎毒性”，2.0-EPDMA、3.0-EPDMA、4.0-EPDMA、1.6-ADMA、1.8-ADMA、1.10-ADMA、HEPC、Phosmer M、BSNa、EDMABA、GAM、GMA、GMR、NPG、PTSNa和QTX为“无胚胎毒性”。在培养基中提取金属粉末时，发现Ag被归类为“弱胚胎毒性”，而Cot、Cr、Ni和Pd被归类为“非胚胎毒性”。另一方面，在原子吸收分光光度计的标准化学品中，发现Cr、Hg离子为“强胚胎毒性”，in、Sn、Sb、V离子为“弱胚胎毒性”，Ag、Co、Cu、Ni、Pd、Zn离子为“非胚胎毒性”。5种增塑剂：邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸正丁酯、邻苯二甲酸正丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙己酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙己酯被列为“弱胚胎毒性”。观察硬化牙体生物材料对1型胶原凝胶基质中ES细胞分化的影响。分化率依次为玻璃聚合物水泥、两种光固化复合树脂和汞合金，损伤程度最高，几乎为零。从生物安全性的角度考虑，除了常规生物学方面的研究外，还需要进一步深入研究牙科生物材料的胚胎毒性

The effects of dental biomaterials on the differentiation of embryonic stem cells of the mouse cell line D3 (ES-D3cells) were examined using the embryonic stem cell test (EST), which consists of three parameters, differentiation rate into contracting myocard, 50% cell viability of ES-D3 cells and of Balb/c 3T3 cells, and clone A31 (3T3 cells), which were finally calculated by a designated formula. Of the 24 monomers tested, Bis-GMA, UDMA, Bis-MPEPP, TEGDMA, Bis-GMA(6F), 6-HHMA and MTYA were classified as "weak embryotoxic", and 2.0-EPDMA, 3.0-EPDMA, 4.0-EPDMA, 1.6-ADMA, 1.8-ADMA, 1.10-ADMA, HEPC, Phosmer M, BSNa, EDMABA, GAM, GMA, GMR, NPG, PTSNa and QTX as "non embryotoxic". In the case of metal powder extracted in culture media, it was found that Ag was classfied as "weak embryotoxic", while Cot, Cr, Ni and Pd were classified as "non embryotoxic". On the other hand, in the standard chemicals for atomic absorption spectro photometer, it was found that Cr and Hg ions were classified as "strong embryotoxic", and In, Sn, Sb and V ions were classified as "weak embryotoxic", while Ag, Co, Cu, Ni, Pd and Zn ions were classified as "non embryotoxic". Five plasticizers, dibutyl phthalate, n-butyl benzylphthalate, n-Butyl phthalyl n-butyl glycolate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyladipate were classified as "weak embryotoxic". The effects of hardened dental biomaterials on the differentiation of ES cells in the Type 1 collagen gel matrix were examined. the differentiation rate was decreased in the order of glassionomer cement, two kinds of light cured composite resins, and amalgam, the most severely damaged to almost zero levelIt is considered that further intensive study on the embryotoxicity of dental biomaterials is needed in addition to the conventional biological aspects from the perspective of biological safety