Geographical Study on the Development of Multi-functional Farmland Use in Metropolitan Area

本研究明确了大都市区农地多功能利用的机制及其现状。研究结果表明，北京、曼谷和布拉格都市圈多功能农田利用的主导驱动力主要为经济驱动力，悉尼都市圈为非经济驱动力，东京都市圈为经济驱动力与非经济驱动力的混合驱动力。基于经济驱动力的农地多功能利用特征逐渐向基于非经济驱动力的农地多功能利用特征转变，并在其转变阶段表现为经济驱动力和非经济驱动力并存的农地多功能利用特征。在这种情况下，农民、城市居民、开发商和政府等主体之间的利益关系，在土地利用、环境资源和价值观念等方面的非经济驱动力的调节就显得尤为重要。以东京都市圈为例， ...更多信息 随着生产性绿色土地制度的建立，开发了粮食生产、娱乐、舒适、绿色和灾害保护空间等多功能农田用途，从而在调节主要行为者之间的利益方面发挥了重要作用。另一方面，在悉尼大都市郊区，随着生产性老龄化的建立，业余爱好农场得到了发展。休闲农业是一种低强度、低效益的农业，其发展的目的不是为了城市化的推进和土地的细分，而是为了满足老年人和城市居民的精神需求。因此，休闲农业在抑制城市扩张和维持农地利用方面发挥着重要作用，是农田多功能利用的典型形式。从总体上看，在经济与非经济驱动力、城市与乡村之间的利益调节下，形成了一系列多功能的农地利用方式。然而，在本研究中，我们无法明确这些利益作为政治过程的调节。少

In this study, we made clear of mechanism of multi-functional farmland uses and its circumstances in metropolitan areas. According to our study, leading driving forces on multi-functional farmland use were divided into three types ; economic driving forces in Beijing, Bangkok and Prague metropolitan areas, no-economic driving forces in Sydney metropolitan area, and their mixed driving forces in Tokyo metropolitan area. Furthermore, characteristics of multi-functional farmland uses based on economic driving forces tend to change into ones based on non-economic driving forces, and in their transitional stage characteristics of multi-functional farmland uses based on both economic and non-economic driving forces. In these circumstances, it is important for non-economic driving forces to regulate interests among main actors, who are farmers, urban residents, developers and governments, in terms of land uses, environmental resources and value sense. In Tokyo metropolitan area, for example, … More multi-functional farmland uses such as food production, recreation, amenity, green and disaster protection spaces have been developed with the institution of productive green land, so that it has played an important role in regulating interests among main actors. On the other hand, in Sydney metropolitan suburbs hobby farms have been developed with the institution of productive aging. Hobby farming is less intensive and rather unprofitable, and is developed for mental satisfaction of aged and the urban residents, rather than the advancement of urbanization and land subdivision. Therefore, hobby farming plays an important role in holding back urban sprawl and maintaining agricultural land use so that it is the typical forms of multi-functional farmland uses. On the whole, a series of multi-functional farmland uses has been developed with the regulation of interests between economic and non-economic driving forces, or between urbanity and rurality. In this study, however, we could not make clear of the regulation of these interests as the political process. Less