DEVELOPMENT OF ASSESSMENT SCALE OF EMOTIONAL RESPONSES EXPRESSED BY ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA

这项研究的目的是开发一种使用视听记录系统来评估对痴呆症患者的护理的方法。使用这个系统，我们检验了Richard Fleming开发的ERIC（护理中的情绪反应）表格的信度和效度。参与者包括住在长崎县一个为9人建造的集体之家的8名居民。音像记录是根据预定的时间表进行的，为期六个月。在2001年12月结束的六个月期间，总共录制了342小时。在这项研究中，我们使用了2001年8月3日、9月27日和11月30日拍摄的面部反应的视听数据。每天将白天（从早上7:30到晚上7:30）分为6个时段，间隔2小时，每个时段为一名居民拍摄10分钟的场景，每天重复6次。在这项研究中，三位研究人员观看了包括8个家庭的94个场景在内的视听数据，并根据ERIC表格独立评估了情绪反应。为了检验ERIC观测的可靠性，我们通过计算Spearinan相关系数来分析两个评分者之间的一致程度。除了“主动帮助”和“悲伤”，许多情绪的相关系数都在0.5到0.9之间。因此，两个评分者之间的一致程度被认为是相对较高的。通过确定他们与独立测量的居民方面的关系来检验ERIC观察的有效性，包括生活质量水平、日常生活水平和痴呆的严重程度，这些都是在研究开始时由工作人员评定的。各居民ERIC总阳性得分均值与生活质量水平呈高度正相关（0.82），阴性得分均值与生活质量水平呈负相关（-0.83）。我们还发现，总阳性评分与ADL水平相关，与痴呆的严重程度呈负相关。视听记录系统被认为是一种既客观又有用的评估方法。利用该系统，ERIC观测结果具有较高的信度和效度。少

The purpose of the study was to develop a method of assessing the care given to people with dementia using an audiovisual recording system. Using this system, we examined the reliability and validity of the ERIC (Emotional Responses in Care) form developed by Richard Fleming. The participants comprised eight residents living in a group home made for 9 people located in Nagasaki Prefecture. Audiovisual recordings were made for six months according to a predetermined schedule. A total of 342 hour of recording was made over a six-month period ending in December 2001. In the study we used the audiovisual data of facial responses taken on 3 August, 27 September and 30 November, 2001. On each day, the daytime (from 7:30am to 7:30pm) was divided into six sections by two-hour interval, and a ten-minute scene was videotaped for one resident in each section and repeated six times a day. For this study, three researchers watched audiovisual data comprising a total of 94 scenes of the eight reside … More nts and independently rated emotional responses according to the ERIC form. in order to examine the reliability of ERIC observations, we analyzed the degree of agreement between two raters by calculating the Spearinan correlation coefficient. Correlation coefficients lay between 0.5 and 0.9 for many kinds of emotion, with the exception of "prompted helpfulness" and "sadness". Thus, the level of agreement between two raters was considered to be relatively high. The validities of ERIC observations were tested by determining their relationships to independently measured aspects of the residents including QOL levels, ADL levels and severity of dementia, which were rated by staff members at the beginning of the study. The mean of the total positive scores of ERIC for each resident showed a high positive correlation coefficient (0.82) with QOL levels, and the mean of the negative scores showed a negative one (-0.83). We also found that the total positive score correlated with ADL levels and negatively with the severity of dementia. An audiovisual recording system is considered to be both an objective and useful method of assessment. Using this system, ERIC observations showed relatively high reliability and validity. Less