Psycholinguistic research on Japanese sentence comprehension

为了解释人类理解语言的过程，心理语言学的研究是必要的。在这项研究中，解释应该基于语言学理论，并考虑心理学实验的结果。然而，在日本，由于研究是在语言学和心理学这两个不同的学科之前进行的，彼此领域的结果既没有被分享，也没有被充分利用。因此，本研究旨在通过对“日语句子理解”过程的关注，以及对语言学和心理学领域已有研究的综合考察，为今后的研究指明方向。为此，积极从事日语句子理解研究的研究者应该把大家迄今为止积累的知识进行汇总。对下列句子结构进行了研究。(1)在…More句末动词出现之前，省略主语的“空主语句”经过了怎样的过程？(2)语序颠倒的“乱句”是否难以理解？(3)为什么容易产生错误解释的“园径句”难以理解？(4)在纠正错误解释的“再分析”中发生了什么？可以说，这项研究是以理论与实验相结合的方法为基础的，因为这是语言学家和心理学家的联合研究。通过与语言缺陷和神经科学研究的联系，以及与国外研究人员的交流，本研究有可能向更深入、更广泛的方向发展。人类的语言理解是高级认知活动的代表之一，通过弄清语言理解的机制，我们可以深入了解人类信息加工的一般机制。少

In order to explain the process of the language understanding by human, psycholinguistic research is necessary. In this research, the explanation should be based on a linguistic theory taking results of psychological experiments into consideration. In Japan, however, because the research had been preceded in two different disciplines of linguistics and psychology respectively, the results of each other's field neither had been shared nor had been made use of fully. Therefore, this research aimed at showing the direction of the future research by paying attention to the process of the "Japanese sentence comprehension" and by examining synthetically the previous researches in the field of linguistics and psychology. In order for that, the researchers who are actively engaged in the research of the Japanese sentence comprehension should gather and put together the knowledge, which everyone accumulated so far. The research of the following sentence constructions was performed. (1)Before a … More sentence final verb appears, what kind of process is involved in the "empty subject sentence" in which the subject is omitted? (2)Is the "scrambled sentence",in which word order is reversed, difficult to understand? (3)Why is the "garden-path sentence",in which one tends to give a wrong interpretation, difficult to comprehend? (4)What happens in the "reanalysis" that corrects the wrong interpretation?It will be said that this research has based on the methodology with a balance between theory and experiment because this is a joint research of linguists and the psychologists. Moreover, this research has the possibility to develop deeper and more widely by connection with the research of speech defect and neuroscience, and by interchange with researchers of foreign countries. Since human language understanding is one representative of the higher-level cognitive activity, we can get penetration to the general mechanism of the human information processing by making clear the mechanism of language understanding. Less