The Construction of Ideal Cities and their Spiritualistic Background

本研究项目《理想城市的建设及其唯心主义背景》的目的是追溯19世纪初罗伯特·欧文的“新拉纳克”的社区主义实验和20世纪初埃比尼泽·霍华德的“花园城市”运动，并证明他们的英国社会主义运动受到千禧年主义和唯心主义等宗教热情的极大影响。2001年，我通过比较欧文在新拉纳克的社区主义实验和震教徒社区，思考了他所说的世俗千禧年主义是什么意思。我于7月31日至8月22日在New Lanark和Letchworth Garden City进行了实地考察，并收集了相关的研究资料。2002年，我继续研究霍华德是如何产生花园城市的想法，以及他是如何构建英国第一个花园城市莱奇沃斯的。7月31日至8月15日，我在法国的莱奇沃斯花园城和Arc-et-Senans皇家盐场进行了实地考察，并收集了相关的研究资料，特别是赫特福德郡档案馆的资料。

The purpose of this research project, The Construction of Ideal Cities and their Spiritualistic Background, is to trace the communitarian experiment of Robert Owen's New Lanark in the early 19th century and Garden City movement of Ebenezer Howard in the early 20th century, and to prove that their British socialist movements were greatly influenced by the religious enthusiasm such as Millenarianism and spiritualism.In 2001, I considered what Owen meant by the secular Millenarianism by comparing his communitarian experiment in New Lanark with Shaker community. I made a fieldwork in New Lanark and Letchworth Garden City from 31 July to 22 August, and collected the relevant research materials.In 2002, I kept on the research on how Howard created his idea on Garden City and in what way he tried to construct Letchworth, the first Garden City in UK. I made a fieldwork in Letchworth Garden City and the Royal Saltworks of Arc-et-Senans in France from 31 July to 15 August, and collected the related research materials, especially from Hertfordshire County Archive.