The Latest Development of Taking Theory In Germany

德国联邦宪法法院自1981年作出所谓的“碎石收集”判决以来，一直在为财产权的宪法保护发展新的框架。根据《德国基金法》第14条的规定，联邦宪法法院将有关财产权的内容和限制的规定（第14条第1款第2项）与征用规则（第14条第3款）区分开来。根据联邦宪法法院的意见，即使内容条款对财产权的限制非常严厉，几乎可以认为财产权被剥夺，但内容条款本身并没有改变为剥夺规则。在这种情况下，引入了一个新的类别，将内容规定与赔偿义务结合起来。

The German Federal Constitutional Court has been developping a new framework for the Constitutional protection of the property rights since its so-called "gravel-gathering" descision in 1981. In accordance with the provision of the Article 14 of the German Fundameatal Law, the Federal Constitutional Court distinguishes the provisions with regard to the contents and limits of the property rights (Article 14 Section 1 Sentense 2) from the taking rules (Article 14 Section 3). According to the Federal Constitutional Court, the content provisions do not change themselves into taking rules, even if restrictions on the property rights by the content provisions are so drastic that the property rights could almost be regarded as being taken. For this case a new category was introduced, which combines content provisions with the duty of compensation.