Effect of Suspended Particulate Matters ion Cultural Properties in Museums

众所周知，悬浮颗粒物(SPM)是一种携带大量空气污染物和空气中真菌的吸收剂。人们从公共卫生的角度对它们进行了大量的研究，但很少有人讨论它们在博物馆中对文物的保护。为了评价博物馆的空气质量，本研究从化学和生物破坏文化属性的角度研究了SPM的测量方法。博物馆中的SPM的污染量很少，而且发现用JIS提供的方法很难测量。JIS方法噪音很大，博物馆工作人员没有选择它，因为噪音采样会干扰参观者欣赏文物。本研究采用了一种新的采样方法：用泵收集颗粒物，喷洒到玻璃上的胶带上，然后用光学显微镜观察。因此，没有安装空调的博物馆内的SPM数量会随着室外空气的波动而波动，墙上的颗粒物数量受到墙面粗糙度和墙面潮湿的影响很大。颗粒物的数量也取决于表面材料的特性，发现聚邻苯二甲酸乙二酯可以作为真菌的收集板，因为它很容易将收集在表面的颗粒物转化为培养真菌的介质。

Suspended particulate matters (SPM) are known to be absorbents which carry great quantity of air contaminants as well as air-borne fungi. They were much studied in the view of public health, but they are scarcely discussed for the preservation of artifacts in museums. In this study, measuring method of SPMs in the view of chemical and biological damage to the cultural properties were studied in order to evaluate the air quality in museums.Contaminants quantity of SPMs in museums was very few and it was found that it is not easy to measure by the method provided by JIS. JIS method is very noisy and it is not selected by the museum workers because noisy sampling will disturb guests to appreciate the artifacts. A new sampling method adopted in this study is as follows ; particulates are collected by pump and they are sprayed to adhesive tape on the glass, then they are observed with optical microscope. As a result, quantity of SPMs in museums where the air conditioner was not installed fluctuated according to outdoor air fluctuation.Quantity of particulates on the wall was very affected by the surface roughness as well as dampness on the wall. Also a lot of fungi were included onto particulates and viability of fungi on the particulates was found to be high.Quantity of particulates also depended on the characteristics of surface material and it was found that polyethylene telephthalate can be used as a collection plate for fungi because it was easy to convert all the particulates collected on the surface to mediums for cultivation of fungi.