Development of new propagation and production systems of some edible wild herbs by increasing their growth activity and proliferation potency

1.玉簪属植物的休眠及其解除（1）将玉簪属植物置于16h光照和27℃下，无论其生长阶段如何，均能诱导其继续生长。当主茎生长因抽薹而减弱时，部分侧芽萌发并发育成侧芽。在这种情况下，H.sieboldii（H. albomandiata）每株产生几个旺盛的侧芽，但H.sieboldiana很少侧芽。低温后，西兰花发育出少数旺盛的侧枝。（2）玉簪属植物无论处于哪个生长阶段，只要光照时间为8小时，就容易进入休眠状态。（3）西兰花的侧芽处于深休眠状态，主轴保持营养生长。2.打破黄精和鹿药根茎的芽休眠（1）大花黄精在11月或更早的时候休眠很深，而飞机草在10月或更早的时候休眠很深。5 ℃处理90天左右可打破休眠，但7月或7月以前的休眠几乎不能被打破。（2）5℃处理也能打破玉簪根状茎的休眠，但不能打破10月及10月以前的休眠。（3）玉簪的离体增殖玉簪幼苗离体培养产生大量不定芽。这些微芽在离体条件下能长期保持并高效繁殖。4.研究结果的应用（1）建立玉簪全年栽培技术体系。（2）在黄精属和鹿药属植物中建立极端促成栽培。（3）通过在玉簪中的微繁殖建立高效增殖

1.Dormancy and its breaking in Hosta(1)Hosta plants were induced to grow continuously by transfer to both 16-hour daylength and 27℃ regardless of the growth stage. When the growth of main axes weakened for bolting, some lateral buds sprouted and developed into lateral shoots. In such a case, H.sieboldii (H.albomarginata) developed several vigorous lateral shoots per plant, but H.sieboldiana few lateral shoots. After chilling H.sieboldiana developed a few vigorous lateral shoots.(2)Dormancy in Hosta was readily induced by exposure to 8-hour daylength, regardless of the growth stage.(3)The lateral buds in H.sieboldiana had deep paradormancy while the main axes maintained vegetative growth., but those in H.sieboldil had shallow or almost no one.2.Breaking bud dormancy of Polygonatum and Smilacina rhizomes(1)P.macranthum rhizomes had very deep dormancy in November or earlier, and P.odoratum ones deep dormancy in October or earlier. Their dormancy was broken by the treatment for about 90 days at 5 However, the dormancy in July or earlier was hardly broken by such a treatment.(2)The dormancy of S japonica rhizomes was also broken by the 5℃ treatment, but the dormancy in October or earlier failed to be broken by such a treatment.3.In vitro proliferation in HostaA great many adventitious shoots were produced by in vitro culturing young seedlings in Hosta. Those microshoots were maintained in vitro for a long term and efficiently propagated. Acclimatization of the plantlets were achieved in two weeks with a high survival rate.4.Applications of the results obtained(1)Establishing the technical system for a year-round culture in Hosta.(2)Establishing some extreme forcing-culture in Polygonatum and Smilacina.(3)Establishing efficient proliferation by micropropagation in Hosta