Research on Regional Development Policies (PFI) as an Alternative to the Semipublic Enterprises

在政府和私营部门共同投资的基础上建立的半公共企业预计将是同时提供政府实体的公共导向和私营部门的管理知识的组织。然而，在许多情况下，半公有制企业的管理没有完全按照最初的预期进行。究其原因，根源在于政府的公共性质与私营部门的商业性质不相容。半公有制企业本质上是高度公共导向、低利润导向的实体。因此，由于他们直接和间接地不断从政府获得资本支持和其他资金，管理方面的道德风险问题是显著的。近年来，由于向半公共实体提供这种资本支持的国家和市政当局的财政状况恶化，…随着越来越多的企业出现问题，全国范围内出现了重新评估与管理相关问题的半上市企业的趋势。然而，不可否认的是，即使在私营部门活动水平较高的城市，更不用说私营部门活动水平较低的农村社区，利用半公共实体的区域发展政策也取得了一定程度的成功。因此，有必要确定使用半公共实体以外的渠道的区域发展政策。在这种情况下，在英国构思的PFI已经产生了一定程度的结果，作为利用私营部门实体取代半公共企业的一种措施。私人融资倡议(PFI)是英国于1992年提出的一种新的社会资本组织方式。在日本，它的利用也有望成为一种透明和高效的结构。基于这些期望，日本也在进行大量的PFI研究。目前对PFI的大多数研究集中在私营部门活动水平较高的大城市地区，并迅速应用于主要的区域中心；在农村社区的研究几乎不存在。因此，本研究将PFI作为一种在农村社区提供公共服务的方法进行研究，在农村社区，PFI研究的重要性尚未达到顶峰。较少

Semipublic enterprises established based on government-private sector joint investment are expected to be organizations that simultaneously provide the public orientation of government entities and the managerial know-how of the private sector. However, there are many cases where the management of semipublic enterprises is not carried out wholly in line with initial expectations. The reason for that has its roots in the incompatibility of the public nature of government and the commercial nature of the private sector. Semipublic enterprises by nature are operated as entities with a high communal orientation and low profit orientation. Therefore, as they directly and indirectly receive capital support and other funding from government on an ongoing basis, the problem of moral hazards in terms of management is significant.In recent years, as a result of the deterioration of the financial condition of countries and municipalities that have provided such capital support to semipublic entit … More ies that are experiencing problems, there is a nationwide trend of reassessment of semipublic enterprises experiencing management-related problems. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that regional development policies utilizing semipublic entities have achieved some degree of success even in municipalities with high levels of private sector activity, to say nothing of rural communities with low levels of private sector activity. Thus, it is necessary to identify regional development policies that use channels other than semipublic entities.Under these circumstances, PFI, which was conceived in England, has generated a certain level of results as a measure for utilizing private sector entities in place of semipublic enterprises. PFI (private finance initiative) is a new method of social capital organization that was conceived in England in 1992. Its utilization is also anticipated in Japan to function as a transparent and highly effective structure.Based on these expectations, a significant amount of research on PFI is also being carried out in Japan. The majority of current research on PFI centers on large urban areas with high levels of private sector activity, and is fast being applied to major regional centers ; research in rural communities is virtually non-existent. Thus, this research has researched PFI as a method for providing public services in rural communities, where the importance of PFI research is yet to reach its zenith. Less