the Preparatory Research on the Constitution of Restorative Justice' System depending on the causes of Juvenile Offences

作为青少年犯罪的原因，我们可以指出家庭、学校和社区人际关系的冲突。家庭的教育能力变弱了。他特别指出，在过去的几十年里，父亲的身份在日本已经过时了。他们太忙了，没有时间照顾孩子。他们对自己的道德也失去了自信。关于学校的教育，老师们热衷于传授知识，以通过高中或大学的入学考试。不能跟上教学课程或对教学科目没有兴趣的学生可能会退出该课程。许多没有工作和学业的年轻人有足够的时间犯罪。面对青少年犯罪案件的增加，日本政府将青少年司法制度的政策从福利政策转变为司法政策，司法政策包括强调正当程序和更严厉的惩罚。然而，这一政策的改变受到了人权团体的批评，一些学者试图寻求新的政策。他们发现，在欧洲，一种被称为“恢复性司法”的新政策正在兴起。他们探索在日本引入恢复性司法的可能性。然而，要引入恢复性司法，需要改变刑事司法制度的基本理念。恢复性司法需要罪犯、受害人、社区成员这三个行为人。在日本，犯罪的受害人没有参与刑事诉讼的机会。社区的成员也有所疏离。在这十年里，日本的刑事司法制度将发生巨大的变化。受害者有权起诉犯罪者，并有权出庭就处罚发表意见。社区成员将与法官一起坐在刑事法庭上。我们有希望在日本引入恢复性司法。

As the causes of the juvenile offences, we may point out the conflict of human relations in the family, school and community. The educational ability of family became week. his particularly said that fatherhood have been out of date in past decades in Japan. They have been too busy to care their children. They also have lost a self-confidence abut their moral. About the education at the School, teachers are keen to teach the knowledge to pass the entrance examination of the high school or the university. The pupil who can not catch up the teaching curriculum or have no interest about the teaching subject might drop out from t he course of study. The number of the youth who have no job and no academic career have enough time to commit the offences.Facing the increase the cases of the juvenile offences Japanese government changed the policy of juvenile justice system from welfare policy to justice policy Justice policy include the stress of the due process and more severe punishment.However the change of the policy has been criticized by human right group and the some academics try to seek a new policy. They find that in Europe a new policy which is so called `Restorative Justice' is arising.They search the possibility to introduce the restorative justice in Japan. However in order to introduce the restorative justice it need to change the basic idea of the criminal justice system. The restorative justice demand the three actor -offender, victim, member of community. In Japan victim of the offence have no chance to committee the criminal procedure. The member of the community also have been estranged.In this decade, Japanese Criminal Justice System shall be changed dramatically. The victim has a right to prosecute the offender and to appear the court to give the opinion about the punishment. The member of the community will be sit at the criminal court of justice with judges.We can have a hope to introduce the restorative justice in Japan.