Molecular mechanism of role of integrin in hypertensive heart and heart failure

整合素是一个跨膜受体家族，主要研究肿瘤的血管生成和转移。整合素与细胞外基质蛋白的相互作用促进细胞的黏附、扩散、迁移和增殖，它们似乎与心血管疾病有关。最近，β1整合素被认为与心肌肥厚有关。我们已经研究了间质对心脏功能的影响，特别是心脏成纤维细胞和整合素系统。整合素系统是一个复杂的系统，涉及二十多种整合素和多种细胞外基质蛋白。我们已经报道了血管紧张素II促进心脏成纤维细胞αV、β3和β5整合素的表达以及心脏成纤维细胞与细胞外基质蛋白的黏附。此外，αV、β3和β5与血管平滑肌细胞的整合素迁移有关，与动脉粥样硬化有关，在2K1C高血压心脏中，这些整合素增加，粘着斑激酶被激活，并伴有心脏重构和舒张期功能障碍。

Integrins are a family of transmembrane receptors which were mainly studied on angiogenesis and metastasis of malignant tumor. The interaction of integrins with extracellular matrix protein promotes cell adhesion, spreading, cell migration, and cell proliferation, and they seem to be related to cardiovascular disease. Recently, the beta 1 integrin has been implicated in cardiac hypertrophy. We have researched about the effect of interstitium on cardiac function, especially cardiac fibroblast and integrin system. Integrin system is complicated because more than twenty types of integrins and many types of extracellular matrix proteins. We have already reported that angiotensin II enhances αV, β3, and β5 integrin expressions in cardiac fibroblast and adhesion of cardiac fibroblast to extracellular matrix proteins. Moreover, αV, β3, and β5 integrins of vascular smooth muscle cells, and they are related to vascular smooth muscle cell migration which is related to atherosclerosis.In 2K1C hypertensive heart, these integrins were increased, focal adhesion kinase was activated, and they were accompanied with cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction.